230 SEXUAL SELECTION: MAMMALS. [Part IL 



to be lying mortally wounded in a neighboring wood. 

 But a few days afterward one of the young bulls singly 

 approached the wood; and then the "monarch of the 

 chase," who* had been lashing himself up for vengeance, 

 came out, and in a short time killed his antagonist. He 

 then quietly joined the herd, and long held undisputed 

 sway. Admiral Sir B. J. Sulivan informs me that when 

 he resided in the Falkland Islands he imported a young 

 English stallion, which, with eight mares, frequented the 

 hills near Port William. On these hills there were two 

 wild stallions, each with a small troop of mares ; " and it 

 is certain that these stallions would never have approached 

 each other without fighting. Both had tried singly to 

 fight the English horse and drive away his mares, but had 

 failed. One day they came in together and attacked him. 

 This was seen by the captain who had charge of the 

 horses, and who, on riding to the spot, found one of the 

 two stallions engaged with the English horse, while the 

 other was driving away the mares, and bad already sepa- 

 rated four from the rest. The captain settled the matter 

 by driving the whole party into the corral, for the wild- 

 stallions would not leave the mares." 



Male animals already provided with efficient cutting or 

 tearing teeth for the ordinary purposes of life, as in the 

 carnivora, insectivora, and rodents, are seldom furnished 

 with weapons especially adapted for fighting with their 

 rivals. The case is very different with the males of many 

 other animals. We see this in the horns of stags and of 

 certain kinds of antelopes in which the females are horn- 

 less. With many animals the canine teeth in the upper 

 or lower jaw, or in both, are much larger in the males 

 than in the females ; or are absent in the latter, with the 

 exception sometimes of a hidden rudiment. Certain ante- 

 lopes, the musk-deer, camel, horse, boar, various apes, 

 seale, and the walrus, offer instances of these several cases. 



