Chap. XIX.] SEXUAL DIFFERENCES. 305 



In regard to the general hairiness of the body, the wom- 

 en in all races are less hairy than the men, and in some 

 few Quadrumana the under side of the body of the female 

 is less hairy than that of the male. 10 Lastly, male mon» 

 keys, like men, are bolder and fiercer than the females. 

 They lead the troop, and when there is danger come to 

 the front. We thus see how close is the parallelism be- 

 tween the sexual differences of man and the Quadrumana. 

 "With some few species, however, as with certain baboons, 

 the gorilla, and orang, there is a considerably greater dif- 

 ference between the sexes, in the size of the canine teeth, 

 in the development and color of the hair, and especially in 

 the color of the naked parts of the skin, than in the case 

 of mankind. 



The secondary sexual characters of man are all highly 

 variable, even within the limits of the same race or sub- 

 species ; and they differ much in the several races. These 

 two rules generally hold good throughout the animal 

 kingdom. In the excellent observations made on board 

 the JWovara, " the male Australians were found to exceed 

 the females by only sixty-five millimetres in height, while 

 with the Javanese the average excess was two hundred 

 and eighteen millimetres, so that in this latter race the dif- 

 ference in heio'ht between the sexes»is more than thrice 

 as great as with the Australians. The numerous measure- 

 ments of various other races, with respect to stature, the 

 circumference of the neck and chest, and the length of the 

 backbone and arms, which were carefully made, nearly all 



he informs me, an instance with the Aymaras and Quichuas of South 

 America. 



10 This is the case with the females of several species of Hylobates, 

 see Geoffroy St.-Hilaire and F. Cuvier, 'Hist. Nat. des Mamm.' torn. L 

 Be - ;, also, on If. lar. 'Penny Encyclopaedia,' vol. ii. pp. 149, 150. 



11 The results were deduced by Dr. Weisbach from the measurements 

 made by Drs. K. Scherzer and Schwarz, see 'Reise der Novara: Ai.thro- 

 polog Theil.' 1867, s. 216, 231, 234, 236, 239, 269. 



