306 SEXUAL SELECTION: MAN. [Part IT. 



showed that the males differed much more from each other 

 than did the females. This fact indicates that, as far as 

 these characters are concerned, it is the male which has 

 been chiefly modified, since the races diverged from their 

 common and primeval source. 



The development of the beard and the hairiness of the 

 body differ remarkably in the men belonging to distinct 

 races, and even to different families in the same race. We 

 Europeans see this among ourselves. In the island of St. 

 Kilda, according to Martin, 12 the men do not acquire 

 beards, which are very thin, until the age of thirty or 

 upward. On the Europseo- Asiatic Continent, beards pre- 

 vail until we pass beyond India, though with the natives 

 of Ceylon they are frequently absent, as was noticed in 

 ancient times by Diodorus. 13 Beyond India beards dis- 

 appear, as with the Siamese, Malays, Calmucks, Chinese, 

 and Japanese ; nevertheless the Ainos, 14 who inhabit the 

 northernmost islands of the Japan archipelago, are the 

 most hairy men in the world. With negroes the beard is 

 scanty or absent, and they have no whiskers; in both 

 sexes the body is almost destitute of fine down. 16 On the 

 other hand, the Papuans of the Malay archipelago, who 

 are nearly as black as negroes, possess well-developed 

 beards. 16 In the Pacific Ocean the inhabitants of the Fiji 

 archipelago have large bushy beards, while those of the 



12 'Voyage to St. Kilda' (3d edit. 1753), p. 37. 



13 Sir J. E. Tennent, ' Ceylon,' vol. ii. 1859, p. 107. 



14 Quatrefages, ' Revue des Cours Scientifiques,' Aug. 29, 1868, p. 

 630; Vogt, 'Lectures on Man,' Eng. translat. p. 127. 



15 On the beards of negroes, Vogt, 'Lectures,' etc. ibid. p. 127; 

 Waitz, 'Introduct. to Anthropology,' Engl, translat. 1863, vol. i. p. 96. 

 It is remarkable that in the United States (' Investigations in Military 

 and Anthropological Statistics of American Soldiers,' 1869, p. 569) the 

 pure negroes and their crossed offspring seem to have bodies almost aa 

 hairy as those of Europeans. 



16 Wallace, « The Malay Arch.' vol. ii. 1869, p. 178. 



