EEPORT ON THE HEXACTINELLDIA. 305 



Genus Aphrocallistes, Gray (Pis. LXXXIII.-LXXXVI.). 



1858. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., vol. xxvi. (Ann. and Mag. Xat Hist., ser. 3, vol. ii. p. 

 224) {Aphrocallistes heatrix). 



1867. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 492. 



1868. Wyville Thomson, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. i. p. 114. 

 18G8. Gray, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. i. p. 161. 



18G9. Wyville Thomson, Phil. Trans., vol. clix. p. 701. 



1869. Gray, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. iii. p. 192. 



1869. Bowerbank, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 66 (75). 



1870. 0. Schmidt, Grundziige einer Spongienfauna des atlant. Gebietes. 

 1870. Wright, Quart. Journ. Micr. Sci., vol. x. p. 77, pi. i. 



1870. Kent, Monthly. Micr. Journ., vol. iv. p. 241. 



1871. Gwyn Jeffreys, Proc. Roy. Inst., No. 54, p. 258 (Aphrocallistes bocagei). 



1872. Carter, Quart. Journ. Micr. Sci., vol. xii. p. 450. 



1872. Gray, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. ix. p. 442. 



1873. Carter, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. xii. p. 349. 

 1875. Carter, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. xvi. p. 1. 

 1875. Willemoes Suhm, Zeitschr. f. wiss. Zool., Bd. xxv. 



1875. Marshall, Zeitschr. f. wiss. Zool., Bd. xxv. 



1876. Marsshan, Zeitschr. f. wiss. Zool., Bd. xxvii. 



1877. Zittel, Abhandl. d. Baier. Akad. 



1877. Wyville Thomson, The Atlantic. 



1878. Zittel, Zur Stammesgeschichte der Spongien. 



1879. Zittel, Handbuch der Pateontologie. 



1880. 0. Schmidt, Spongien des Meerbusens von Mexico, p. 48. 



1881. Milne-Edwards, Comptes rendus, vol. xciii. pp. 876, 931 ; Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 



ser. 5, vol. ix. pp. 37-41-46. 



1882. Weltner, Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Spongien. 



History. — The genus Aphrocallistes was established by Gray in 1858,^ for the 

 species Aphrocallistes heatrix, from a skeleton obtained at Malacca, and was characterised 

 in the following manner: — "The sponge cylindrical, tubular, branched, the end of the 

 main tube closed with an open network formed of spicula; branches cylindrical, simple, 

 rarely bifid, rounded and closed at the end; the inner surface of the tube with large un- 

 equal-sized concavities placed in longitudinal series, having a large roundish oscule near 

 its lower edge. The sponge hard, close, calcareous, with uniform, close, equal, regular 

 hexangular pores on the surface, and large round ostioles in series on the sides of the main 

 tubes. The outer surface formed of intertangled transparent spines, which inosculate and 

 unite with each other at their intersections, forming a hard rather brittle crust. The 

 inner surface lined with a coat of fusiform transparent spicula, which are placed in 

 bundles parallel to each other in the spaces between the roundish internal apertures of 

 the crowded small superficial pores." 



In his spongiological system,^ Gray founded for this new form a special family — 



1 Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 3, vol ii. p. 224 ; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., vol. xxvi. 



2 Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 507, 1867. 



(zool. CHALL. EXP. — PAET LIII. — 1887.) Ggg 39 



