912 MONOGEAPHS OF NORTH AMERICAN RODENTIA. 



.1/,,, i Arctomys) monax Hall, Can. Nat and Geol. 1800, 302. 



I rxlkbkn, Syst Anim. 1/77,363 (in ]>ni t only: _• Quebec Marmot, Pennant -f Quebec 



Marmot, forstei I. 

 Mat empetra Pallas, Nov. Spec. Glires, 1778, 74 (=Arotomyt parryi Richardson, excepting reference to 



Pennant's Quebec Marmot).— Bodd^RT, "Elench. Anim. i, 1784, 10,">." 

 Arctomys empetra Sabine, Trans. Linn. Soe. xiii, 182-2, 5>4 (the description ouly; not the synonymy ; not 



Ma* empetra Pallas, nor (he Arctomys empetra Sehreber, Gmelin, and previous authors gener- 

 ally); fFranklin'a Journ. 1823, 662.— Harlan, Faun. Amer. 1825, 160 (in small part only; 



= empi (roof Pallas, Gmelin, etc.).— RICHARDSON, Parry's Voy. App. 1825, 315 ; Faun. Hor.-Am. 



i. 1829, 1 IT, pi. i\ ( - empetra Sabine, and heuce mainly A. monax).— Fischer, Synop. Mam. 



1 -J.i, 343 (in part only).— SCHINZ, Syn. Mam. ii, 1845, 61 (iu part only).— Gray, " Knowsley's 



Menag. 1846, pi. vii." 

 Mux (Arctomys) empetra Hall, Can. Nat. and Geol. 1860, 302. 

 Arctomys melanopus Kim., Beitra>e, 1820, 64 (Canada). 



Arctomys empetra, < melanopui Fischer, Syn. Mam. 1829, 343 (= melanopus Kuhl). 

 Irotomye marmota canadensis Kuhl, Beitrage, 1820, 64 (Canada). 

 T Stereodectes tortus COPE!, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1869, 3 ; Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. Phila. 1869, 172, pi. 



iii (fossil ; bone-caves, Virginia; probably based on an abnormal incisor of Arctomys monax). 



"t Arctomys " LEIDY, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. vii. 1869, 404 (= Stereodcctes tortus Cope). 



!eur, La Hontan, Voy, dans I'Amer. i, 17H3, 233. 

 Monax, CaTESBY, Nat. Hist. Car. App. 174.'., xxviii. 



Monax or Marmotte of America, Edwards, Birds, ii, 1745, 104, pi. civ (specimen from Maryland). 

 Ulis marmotla, amtricanus, Klein, Quad. 1751, 56.— Bisisson, Beg. Anim. 1756, 164. 

 La Marmotli iVAmirique, Brisso.N", 1. c. 

 Maryland Marmot, Pennant, Syn. Quad. 1771, 270 ; Arctic Zodl. i, 1784, 111 ; ib. 2d ed. 1792, 128 (iu part 



only ; mixed with a species of Capromys 

 t Quebec Marmot, Pennant, 1. c. (probably A. monax,. 

 Monax gris, P. Cuvibr, Hist, des Mam. livr. xxxvii. 1822. 

 Woodchuck, Ground-hog, vulgo. 



Specific chars. — Length to base of tail 14.50, varying from 13.00 to 

 15.50; of tail-vertebrse about 4.50 ; of tail to end of hairs about 6.75. Color 

 above generally mixed fulvous, brownish-black, and gray ; below, yellowish- 

 rufous, varying to brownish-rufous. Top of head, upper surface of all the 

 feet, and the tail usually black or brownish-black; nose and chin gray; sides 

 of the head (below the eyes) and throat yellowish-white ; fore limbs and 

 region all round their insertion usually lively rust-red. Varies to wholly 

 brownish-black, varied slightly with pure gray or rusty-gray, and even to 

 nearly uniform intense black. The ears are large, rounded, thinly haired, 

 generally gray, hut varying in the darker specimens to brownish-gray, passing 

 into black at their extremities. Tail full, round, and bushy, with the hairs 

 generally considerably less than half the length of the head and body. 



Specimens from the same locality vary greatly in color, the gray of the 

 upper parts varying from whitish-gray to yellowish-gray, the black from 

 brownish-black to pure black, and the fulvous from pale fulvous to yellowish. 

 The abundant soft under fur is black or dusky at base, then fulvous, passing 

 into brownish-fulvous. The basal dusky zone occupies from one-third lo two- 

 thirds of the whole length of the under fur, the remainder being fulvous, the 



