256 



series of" molar teeth described and figured from casts and photographs. The 

 teeth are considered as pertaining to the lower jaw, but from a view of the 

 figures I cannot avoid the suspicion that they really belong to the upper jaw. 

 In the form and proportions of the molars, but especially in the form, consti- 

 tution, and number of the premolars, the series appears to me to resemble 

 more the upper one of the camel and llama than it does the lower one. In 

 one respect one of the molars, the last of the series, approaches in character 

 the last lower molar of the camel and llama. • This is in the possession of a 

 fifth lobe, which is, however, much less well developed than in the latter 

 animals. If the view I have taken is not erroneous, Palauchenia, so far as 

 we know it from its remains, would not present sufficient distinctive char- 

 acter to be regarded as of a different genus from Auchenia. 



Among the collection of fossils from California, belonging to the cabinet 

 of Wabash College, Indiana, tliere is a well-preserved series of lower molar 

 teeth, represented in Figs. 1, 2, Plate XXXVII. These, from their size and 

 constitution, would appear to belong to a species of llama exceeding in size 

 not only the existing llama, but also the camel and the Palauchenia. 



The question at once arises whether these teeth belong to Auchenia cali- 

 fornica, Palauchenia magna, or to a third species. 



The proportions of the bones upon which the former was founded indicate 

 an animal one-third larger than the camel, but the teeth above noticed might; 

 belong to an animal but little exceeding a large camel or the P. magna. If 

 the characters assigned to the latter as a genus are correct, it is clear that 

 the series- of teeth from California do not belong to the same animal, and tliey 

 then could only pertain to a small individual of Auchenia callfornica, or to 

 another species rather larger than the existing camel. Under the circum- 

 stances, until further light is thrown on the subject by the discovery of addi- 

 tional material, we may suppose that two large species of llama, perhaps" 

 exclusive of Palauchenia magna, were once inhabitants of the western por- 

 tion of the North American continent, contemporaneously with the Mastodon 

 americanus. One of these species, a third larger than tlie existing camel, is 

 the Auchenia californica ; the second, intermediate in size to the two latter, 

 may be named A. hesterna. . 



The teeth in question indicate an animal which had arrived at .maturity. 

 While the first molar, which earliest acquired its functional position, is much 

 worn, the last molar has its fifth lobe unabraded, and the pi-emolar has but 

 partially lost its summit. 



