and much rounded. The maxillae in these genera are still stouter than in 

 any Phalsenid with which I am acquainted. 



In the venation these genera arc true Noctuidce ; the subcostal cell is 

 formed by the anastomosis of the second subcostal venule with its main vein, 

 and there are four median venules. Pachycnemia and Doryodes arc nearly 

 identical in their venation. The former genus, in the shape of the wings, is 

 also truly noctuiform. I have been unable to find in the accounts of the 

 caterpillar given by Boisduval, and quoted by Gruence and Newman, whether 

 it is a geometer or not, but suppose it is; but (here are larvae of the Noctuidce 

 which a"re partially loopers ; for example, Tarache candefacta has but three 

 pairs of abdominal feet, and is a looper. The palpi of Pachycnemia are much 

 like those of the Phalcenidce. 



In Doryodes, Ligia,&n(\ its ally, Sudariophora, recently placed by Professor 

 Zeller* among the Phalcenidce, the palpi are truly noctuiform, as well as the 

 shape (if the wings. 



The Phalcenidce are sometimes confounded with certain Bombyckke, such 

 as Drepana and its allies, Platypteryx and Dryopteris, but here a slight exami- 

 nation of the structure of the head and the venation is sufficient to show that 

 the resemblance is one of mere analogy. 



With Eupkanessa, a near ally of the European genus Nudaiia, the case is 

 different, since Mr. W. Saunders'sf discovery of the larva of this genus. By 

 raising them from the egg, he ascertained that the larva- are loopers. He says 

 that "they were extremely active, about one-tenth of an inch long, with 

 cylindrical bodies, and true geometers in their larval characteristics and mode 

 of progression," with two pairs only of abdominal i'ffi. 



I have carefully recompared this genus which was proposed by myself and 

 placed next to Nudaria, and am still of the opinion that this is its proper position. 

 In the small head, with tin 1 large occiput and the male genital armature, it is 

 much like Crocofa; the antennae and legs are much as in other Lithosians. 

 The venation, though different in some important respects from that 

 of Crocota (there being a subcostal cell where there is none in Crocota, and 

 but five subcostal veins where in Crocota there are six), is still Lithosian in 



* Verbandlungeu der K. K. Bot. Zuol. Ges., 1872, 481). Doryodes and Ligia are, in Lederer's I 1853) 

 and GueneVs works (1657), and in Staudinger & Wocke's Catalogue (1871), placed among the Phalcenidce. 

 Dr. Clemens was the first, as 1 am informed by Mr. Giote, to remove Doryodes to the Noctuidce. In Grote's 

 catalogue of the Noctuidce, Doryodes is included in that family. 



t Canadian Naturalist, iii, 1871, 227. 



5 r ii 



