34 



ils plan, there being Four median veins. ( In a fresh comparison of Euphanessa 

 with European examples of Nudaria, 1 see no reason to doubl the clear sub- 

 family relal inns of i be two genera. 



In these characters, then, viz, the smaller occipul and epicranium; the 

 longer ami larger clypeus, in proportion to the two other pieces; in the vena- 

 tion, there being 1ml three, median veins; in the longer thorax, with mure 

 oblique Hanks, and in the genital armature, as well as less essential features, 

 the imago Phalsenids differ from the Bombycidce. 



From the Pyralides, especially the Deltoids, the Phalsenids differ as 

 regards the more external characters, I. e., in the shorter palpi, particularly the 

 second joint, and in the fore-legs being simple, without tin; tufts and pencils 

 of hairs which adorn the le<rs of the Deltoids; also, in the shape of both pairs 

 of wings, as well as in the want of -the long projecting scales of the vertex 

 seen in the Deltoids, and in the shorter front of the head. 



In the more essential features, such as the form of the pieces of the head, 

 and the venation, the Phalsenids differ from the Deltoids in the same way as 

 they do from the Noctuids. 



Larva — The body is unusually long and slender, cylindrical, sometimes 

 slightly flattened ; there being, besides the three pairs of thoracic legs, usu- 

 ally two, rarely three or four, pairs of abdominal legs. The head is usually 

 not quite so wide as the body, but sometimes larger and wider, and is, as a 

 general rule, smooth, but sometimes angular, or the epicranium is prolonged 

 on each side into a large tubercle. The abdominal segments arc sometimes 

 (in the higher genera) variously ornamented with tubercles; sometimes, as in 

 Nematocatnpa, forming long, curved filaments. The supra-anal plate is large, 

 triangular. The terminal feet are often prolonged posteriorly at their base 

 into spines; and there is a median spine projecting between the pedal spines. 

 The larvae differ from those of the Noctuids and Pyralids in the smaller num- 

 ber of feet and the looping gait, so that, except in a very few instances, where 

 certain Noctuidce are semiloopers, need they be confounded with the larvae 

 of those families. 



They either spin a slight, thin cocoon among leaves ; or are free, attached 

 to twigs, or are subterranean, remaining loose under the surface of the soil, 

 or forming a rude earthen cocoon. 



Pupa. — As a rule, the pupa is rather thick a little in front of the middle 

 of the body, thence tapering rapidly to a point, the posterior half being con- 



