[( I 



al and alternate in position. Thej each have .1 short broad tubular basal part 



and each of these tubular parts bears a long projection from its «listal end. These projections 



lobular, sometimes narrow and flattened, and sometimes round in section. They 



ngly irregular in disposition and are usually simple, but may bear short irregular 



1 calyces are born almost exclusively on these pn and are always lateral 



in position, where thej are in one hinken row, or two rows, on each side of twigs. 



The individual calyces are almost entirelj included, appearing as very low swellings 

 with hardly appreciable height and a diameter ol about 2 mm. Their apertures are surrounded 

 ight not very pronounced lobes filled with longitudinally disposed tuberculate spindles. The 

 polyj entirely retractile and in this specimen are withdrawn wel! below the margins, which 



over them. They have their walls armed with curved transvcrsc spindles below and spindles 

 arranged en chevron towards the upper part and on the tentacle bases. Above this the 

 tentacles are armed with longitudinal spindles, and their distal parts are bent abruptly inward 

 and bear two mus ol" small spindles arranged en chevron and reaching to the bases of 

 the pinnules. 



A cross section of the stem shows the ccenenchyma filled with dist-s and roundcd, heavilv 

 tuberculate spindles. The uater-vascular canals are large and conspicuous, a number of them 

 traversing the axis. The latter consists of a felted mass of slender rods and necdles longitudinally 

 disposed and hearing thorny points. 



Spicules. These have alreadly been partly described. Besides the slender forms in the 



axis there are oval and round, heavily warted spicules in the general ccenenchyma and the 



outer layer of calyx walls ; and heavy, coarse tuberculate clubs and spindles of the inner wal! 



of the calyces. Curved, moderately heavy spindles are abundant in the polyps, and much more 



.der and smaller ones in the tentacles. There are no Y-shaped forms. 



Color. The colony is a rather light brown. ( Hher specimens are darker brown. 



This species seems distinct from the others, particularly in the spiculation of the calyx 



It hears considerable resemblance to Solenocaulon tortttosum, but lacks the peculiar 



Y-shaped spicules which Thomson and Simpson regard as charactcristic of this species 1 . Some 



of the specimens bear symbiotic brachyuran crabs, instead of the Macroura found in 



other species. 



Genus Semperina Kölliker. 



Semperina Kölliker. Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Polypen, 1S70, p. o. 

 Semperina Studer. Versuch eines Systemes '1' 1 Alcyonaria, [887, p. 28. 

 Semperina Wright and Studer. Challenger Reports, the Alcyonaria, [889, i>. XXXII. 



In the original description of the genus Semperina Kölliker gives a detailed account ol 

 Semperina rubra in which specific and genene characters are in no wise differentiated. 

 A di can, however, be gathered from his analysis of the genera of bis "Paragonda 



1 t and 1 follows : 



. 11. 1909, e. 155. 



