I 2 ; 



Paragrapsus H. Milne-Edwards. 



1853. Paragrapsus H. Milne-Edwards. Ann. Sc. Nat. (3) t. 20, p. 195. 



This genus has often been considered to be wholly identical with Chasmagnathus, 1 

 in the type species of Paragrapsus (quadridentatus) the anterior margin of the front is nearly 

 straight, not rounded in dorsal view, and the 1 a t e r a 1 a n g 1 e s are d i s t i n c t and s u b- 

 rectangular, the abdomen of the c? is not produced laterally at the 3 d segment, and the 

 dactyli of the last pair of legs are not compressed as in Hclicc and Chasmagnathus, but conical 

 and short, resembling those of Cyclograpsus, to which genus the present one shows much more 

 affinity than to Chasmagnathus. 



Milne-Edwards described very shortly four species of Paragrapsus-, of these only one, 

 the type species, is rather well known; of the three remaining species two [gaimardt and 

 urvilleï) are referred by me to Helice (see p. 1 1 8), though my reasons for doing so are 

 admitted to rest on very unstable ground; the species P. verrcauxi is identified by Kixgslev r ) 

 with Chasmagnathus laevis Dana, and this latter species of which I could examine two specimens, 

 certainly belongs to the present genus, as Heller 2 ) already stated, for the shape of the front 

 is distinctly different from that of Chasmagnathus and Hclicc, and the abdomen of the <ƒ 

 regularlv tapers from the base to the tip and is not broadened at the third segment. 



It follows, then, that only two species, quadridcntatus and laevis, are admitted. 



Key to the species : 

 Only one notch behind external orbital angle. Epigastric 



lobes very little prominent P. quadridentatus H. Milne-Edw, ) 



Two notches behind external orbital angle. Epigastric lobes 



distinctly prominent . . . P. laevis (Dana) 4 ) 



Cyclograpsus H. Milne-Edwards. 



1837. Cyclograpsus (part.) H. Milne-Edwards. Hist. nat. Crust., t. 2, p. jj. 



1838. Gnathochasmus Mc Leay. Smith's 111. Zool. S. Africa, p. 65. 



Many species originally referred to Cyclograpsus by Milne-Edwards are now classed 

 among other genera, but still it contains at least 9 Indo-Pacitïc species. It is most closely 

 related to Paragrapsus, which it resembles in the shape of the dactyli of the walking legs, 

 but differs by the lateral margins of the carapace being entire or only very obscurely toothed. 



1) Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Philadelphia, 1880, p. 222, where also the synoriymy of this species is recorded. On PI. 6, fig. 2a and 2t> 

 I have figured the pvopodite and dactylus of the last pair of legs and the abdomen of the G '. which figures illustrate the evidence of 

 Dana's species to be referred to Paragrapsus. 



2) Reise "Novara", Crust., 1865, p. 55. 



3) Ann. Sc. Nat. (3) t. 20, 1853, p. 195; Cyclograpsus q. Hess, Arcli. Naturgesch., Jahrg. 31. I, 1865, p. 26: Paragrapsus q. 

 Haswell, Cat. Austral. Crust., 1S82, p. 105, pi. 3, f. 1; de Man, Zool. Jahrb., Syst., lid 4, 1889, p. 441; Chasmagnathus q. OrtmanD, 

 Zool. Jahrb., Syst., Bd 7, 1S94, p. 728. Ilab. Australia (east coast) and Tasmania. 



4) Chasmagnathus laevis Dana, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Philadelphia, 1S51, p. 252: L". S. Expl. Exp. Crust., 1852, p. 365. pi. 23, f. 7: 

 Paragrapsus verreauxi H. Milne-Edwards, Ann. Sc. Nat. (3) t. 20, 1853, p. 195 ; r - hlivis Heller, Reise "Novara", Crust., 1S65, p. 55: 

 Chasmagnathus l. Kingsley, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Philadelphia, 1880, p. 222; Haswell, Cat. Austral. Crust., 1882, p. 106: Bd. 7, 1894. 

 Miers, Zool. Voy., "Alert", Crust., 1884, p. 246; Ortmann, Zool. Jahrb., Syst., p. 72S. Hab. Australia and New Zealand. 



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