52 Transactions of the Society. 



In this work he first recognizes Lagena {ante, p. 45) under the 

 generic name of Oolina, which he introduces with the remark- 

 able statement that having only hitherto known two genera of 

 Monostegues he now " admits a third which our researches have 

 brought to light in the sands of South America" (!). He explains 

 that these little bodies had long been known to him, but finding 

 them always associated with Nodosaria and Dentalina he had taken 

 them to be primordial chambers of these genera. The finding of 

 them in great numbers in material from the lies Malouines (the 

 Falkland Islands), where he had found no Nodosaria or Dentalina, 

 he was obliged to recognize them as a distinct genus, since when 

 he had found them in nearly all sands. ^ He records ten species 

 from South America. 



The Memoir suffers from d'Orbigny's tendency to give a new 

 specific name to any species that he finds in a new locality, and 

 thus of the eighty-one species recorded in the Memoir there are 

 only three that are not described as new to science, of which only one 

 has anything like a synonymy — Glohigenna hulloides, in which he 

 refers to the " Tableau Methodique" again merely as a " Prodrome." 

 His South American specific names are consequently a feature of 

 the work — peruviana (3 spp.), patagonica (4 spp.), araucana (2 spp.), 

 inca (2 spp.), boliviana. He collected sands from all the littorals 

 at which he touched, captains of merchantmen supplied him 

 •with material from Payta, Acapulco, and Guayaquil, and on his 

 return journey he obtained a sounding " made at a great depth " 

 (160 m.) in sight of land, with a lead only a few centimetres in 

 diameter, upon which he found a " a very fair number of Polyzoa 

 and Foraminifera." This sounding he took as a point of departure 

 for two distinct Foraminiferal faunas, characterizing respectively 

 the Atlantic and the Pacific coasts of South America. He found 

 the world-wide Glohigerina hulloides on both sides, but otherwise 

 fifty-two were found exclusively in the Atlantic, and thirty 

 exclusively on the Pacific coasts.^ In the small sounding off 

 Cape Horn four were Atlantic forms, and he concludes that this 

 fauna is carried north-eastwards by the currents. He makes some 

 cvirious and ingenious deductions herefrom upon the distribution 

 of Foraminifera in all latitudes and at all temperatures under 

 favourable circumstances.^ He makes a further analysis which 



' It must be remembered that in 1826 he records having received sands from 

 these islands from MM. Quoy, Gaimard, and Gaudichaud (I., p. 250 ; IX., p. 33), 

 collected upon Preycinet's voyage round the world, and a paper on the zoology 

 of the islands by Garnot appeared (with the " Tableau M6thodique ") in vol. vii. of 

 the Ann. Sci. Nat. (p. 39). 



- He gives a complete analytical table of these on pp. 10, 11. 



^ He calls attention here to a rich gathering from the North Cape, sent to 

 him by Mons. Eobert — after whom he named the genus Robertina (a sub-genus 

 of Bulimina), which, however, he did not retain. See Appendices E, F. See 

 also IX., p. 17. 



