ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICEOSCOPY, ETC. 135 



division of the cytoplasm begins at the anterior end and proceeds 

 posteriorly. 



Kineto-nucleus of Flagellates.* — 0. Swezy has made an experi- 

 mental investigation of the "kineto-nucleus" of Hiiemoflagellata and 

 Hsemosporidia, with special reference to the binuclear theory of 

 Hartmann. The . kineto-nucleus is a structure correlated with endo- 

 parasitic life. It is not the kinetic centre of the cell, but a " kinetic 

 reservoir," and it is suggested that the term " parabasal body," used by 

 Janicki for similar organelles in the Trichonymphid^e, better indicates 

 its relations in the cell. The author's results directly contradict those 

 of Hartmann on the three main points put forward in support of his 

 binuclear theory. She finds (1) that the "kineto-nucleus" is not com- 

 posed of nuclear chromatin ; (2) that it has not been found, in any 

 single instance, to arise by division of the nucleus ; and (3) in no 

 instance could nuclear behaviour, as shown by mitosis, be claimed for it. 

 The Hffimosporidia are not affiliated either morphologically or develop- 

 mentally with the Hffimoflagellata, but are more nearly allied to the 

 Coccidia. The order Bi-nucleata being founded on false premises, 

 and composed of famihes totally unrelated, should not be retained as a 

 vaKd order of the Mastigophora. 



Temperature and Variation.!— Merkel H. Jacobs, in some notes 

 on temperature and the activities of animals, suggests that high tem- 

 perature may have been the cause of a heritable variation in Para- 

 mecium observed in the Zoological Laboratory of the University of 

 Pennsylvania. A three-vacuoled race appeared, which has remained 

 constant for sixteen months. The author also refers to the severe 

 conditions endured by the Rotifer PhilocUna roseola, which frequently 

 passes in a few hours from what would be a tropical to what corresponds 

 to an arctic environment. 



Unusual Mode of Reproduction in Stylonichia.|— R. D. Greenaway 

 describes the liberation of a sort of bud from a somewhat mis-shapen and 

 unhealthy specimen of Stylonichia. The excrescence bore uniform sliort 

 cilia, and its cytoplasm was like that of the large individual. The 

 isthmus connecting the two narrowed and elongated and broke ; the whole 

 process of liberating the bud or fragment taking about twenty mimites. 



* Univ. California Publications (Zool.) xvi. (1916) pp. 185-240 (58 figs.). 

 t Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Ixviii. (1916) pp. 85-6. 

 X Zoologist, XX. (1916) pp. 198-9 (2 figs.). 



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