ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 159 



P. Kyropoulos* has investigated a disease of the seedlings of 

 Brassica species. By culture experiments he obtained pseudosclerotia 

 witli 3fo?iilia-\ike cells, and by inoculation he reproduced the fungus 

 which he names Moniliopsis Aderholdii. 



W. Nowell t deals with diseases of lime trees in forest districts in 

 the West Indies. These are black-root disease due to RoselUnia bunodes 

 or R. pepo, and red-root disease caused by some undetermined fungus. 

 The RoselUnia species attack the roots and collar of the trees. 

 R. bimodes produces black rhizomorphic strands which penetrated the 

 wood in all directions ; R. pepo forms white spreading sheets of 

 mycelium on the surface of the wood. The fungus causing red-root 

 disease is slower in its action, it causes a soft rot of the roots, and is 

 characterized by flat-branching strands of mycelium of a reddish colour 

 beneath the bark. 



Lichens. 



(By A. LoERAiN Smith, F.L.S.) 



Lichen Exsiccati.| — The first part of a work dealing with world- 

 wide exsiccati of lichens has been issued in a separate publication by 

 Bernt Lynge. The authors dealt with so far range from Anzi to 

 Koerber, being arranged in alphabetical order. Each list bears the full 

 title, date and number of species issued with the place of publication. 

 The author explains in his preface how necessary authentic specimens 

 are in the determination of species. Many of the essential characters 

 are microscopic and depend on spore and other characters. 



Monograph of Norwegian Physiace8e.§— Bernt Lynge gives an 

 account of the nomenclature of this family, in which he comprises two 

 genera, Anaptychia and Physcia, characterized by the dark septate 

 spores and differing from each other in the structure of the upper 

 cortex. He draws attention to the nitrophilous character of many 

 members of the group. They invariably grow on or near a nitrogenous 

 substratum and grow more quickly than most lichens. 



In the systematic part of the work a complete bibliography and 

 full anatomical details are given of the various species. The localities 

 and substrata are carefully indicated. An exhaustive bibliography and 

 an index of genera and species are added to the work. 



* Centralbl. Bakt., slv. (1916) p. 244. See also Bot. Centralbl., cxxxii. (1916) 

 pp. 294-5. 



t Pamphlet Imp Dept. Agric. West Indies, No. 79 (1915) pp. 7-41 (5 pis.). 

 See also Bot. Centralbl., cxxxii. (1916) p. 295. 



X Part I. Kribtiania, 1915. See also Nyt. Mag. Naturv. liii. (1915) pp. 1-112 ; 

 liv. (1916) pp. 113-304. 



§ Videnbk. Skr. 1, Naturv. Kl., No. 8 (1916) 110 pp. (3 pis. and 11 ligs.). 



