270 Transactions of the Society. 



wounds, such bacteria requiring the elimination of free oxygen 

 in the cultivation technique ; (2) the enormous number of bacteria 

 of all sorts infecting the wounds, frequently with little or no con- 

 stitutional disturbance to the patient ; and (3) the wide-spread 

 shattering of bone and muscle at long distances from the point of 

 impact of the wounding missile, thereby depressing the vitality of 

 the tissues and promoting bacterial invasion. All these three 

 points I shall give illustrations of, and that I am enabled to do 

 so is due to the painstaking and efficient work 'of your treasurer, 

 Mr. Cyril Hill, who has collaborated with me in the technical 

 department of photomicrography. 



Photomicrography is not to be considered a mere adjunct, but 

 rather an integral part of modern research in many fields of science, 

 particularly in pathology and bacteriology, enabling accurate 

 records to be made for future comparison, for tabulation, for 

 demonstration and illustration. It is highly essential for such 

 work to have not only good, or rather the best, apparatus, but 

 to have a knowledge of the principles as well as the details of 

 the apparatus used. 



Before I proceed to the actual illustrations it will be more 

 technically interesting to this Society to see some of the actual 

 microscopical preparations from which the lantern-slides I shall 

 subsequently show have been made, and I am enabled to do this by 

 means of the optical bench recently acquired by this Society, 

 which will project the actual microscopical specimens. 



[A series of sections of wound tissue, showing the minute 

 structure of the inflammatory processes following gunshot wounds, 

 were projected, among them the actual specimens from which the 

 photomicrographs Nos. 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, were made.] 



I will indicate some of the difficulties experienced in obtaining 

 our records, and, briefly, the methods of application of the records 

 obtained. 



Throughout the research Gram's stain has been used, with 

 counter-staining by fuchsin, which gives an easily photographable 

 colour to those organisms which stain by Gram's method, but the 

 Gram-negative organisms with their red coloration are difficult to 

 show on the same field. 



In many of the specimens photographed egg-broth and mince- 

 meat-broth were the medium used, and in these it is almost im- 

 possible to avoid a slightly stained background, greatly adding to 

 the photographic difficulties. In the specimens of pus, Gram's 

 stain gives no differentiation of the corpuscular elements, and the 

 stain used was Giemsa's modification of Romanowski or Pappen- 

 heim's panoptic, both of which I have shown you in the micro- 

 scopical projections. In the sections of tissue Gram-Weigert stain 

 was used for the demonstration of bacteria, and hematoxylin-eosin 

 for the cellular elements. In the tissue preparations it is extremely 



