302 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



Sclerostome Parasites of the Horse in England.* — Charles L. 

 Bonlenger continues his very useful account of the Nematodes of the 

 horse. He has found no fewer than eight species of Ci/Jichnostomum in 

 the Midlands, and gives a careful description of three of them that are- 

 new — C. euproctus, G. insigne, and G. goldi. 



Worm Nodules in Cattle.f — W. Nicoll communicates some observa- 

 tions on the baffling life-history of worm nodules in cattle. He made a 

 thorough examination of ten calves, from five to eleven months, bred 

 and reared on a common, a wide stretch of variegated land, on which 

 approximately seven hundred to eight hundred head of cattle were 

 grazing. These cattle were removed from time to time and replaced 

 by others, and a large proportion were constantly infected with nodules. 

 The experiment was carried on for six months of abnormally dry 

 weather. No calf showed any trace of Onchocerca larvjE in the blood 

 or in any part of the body, either free or encapsuled. 



Nematodes from Rodentia, Lagmorpha, and Hydracoidea.l — 



Maurice C. Hall gives a valuable account of a large number of Nematodes 

 from the orders of mammals named. Many new forms are described. 

 Five superfamilies are recognized : — Angiostomoidea, Trichinelloidea,. 

 Strongyloidea, Ascaroidea, and Filaroidea. Numerous illustrations are 

 given of the minute structure of the cuticle, of the two extremities, of 

 the male bursa, and of the eggs. 



Influence of Salt on Development of Hook-worms.§ — W. Nicoll 

 has studied the influence of salt and other agents in modifying the 

 larval development of Anhjlostoma cliwdenaJe and Necator americamis. 

 Ankylostomiasis has obtained a very firm hold in the coastal districts of 

 North Queensland, and is very difficult to cope with. The promiscuous 

 distribution of excreta is the chief source of the spread of the infection. 

 Common table-salt has a decidedly injurious effect on the hook-worui 

 eggs if brought into intimate contact with the infected faecal materiaL 

 A mixture of sand promotes the development of the larvae ; when used 

 as a covering of a certain depth it arrests development. Exposure to 

 direct sunhght of sufficient intensity kills hook-worm eggs and larvae- 

 very rapidly. 



Incertse Sedis. 



New Record of Enteropneust on French Coast. |1 — M, Caullerj 

 and F. Mesnil report the occurrence of what seems to be Doliclwglossus: 

 kovaUvsh'i Ag. near Cape Hague on the French coast. Five other 

 species of Enteropneust have been recorded from French coasts. The 

 previously known habitat of B. kovaJevskii was on the Atlantic coast of 

 the United States. 



* Parasitology, ix. (1917) pp. 203-12(5 figs.). 



t Reprint from Med. Journ. Australia, Dec. 4, 1915, pp. 1-8. 



J Proc. U.S. Nat. Museum, 1. (1916) pp. 1-258 (1 pi. and 2£0 figs.). 



§ Parasitology, ix. (1917) pp. 155-89. 



II Bull. Soc. Zool. France, xli. (1917) pp. 125-7. 



