ZOOLOGY A.ND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 411 



sticky sweet liquid, with a large number of minutely pyriform spores 

 in suspension. The pycnidia appear on old galls and lesions caused by 

 the fungus ; they are caulicolons and subepidermal, and form minute 

 blister-like swelhngs when mature. The exudations are cadmium-yellow 

 to orange-coloured, changing to orange or brick-red when dry. 



H. B. Humphrey * reports the first appearance of Puccinia glumarum 

 in the United States, though it had been collected so long ago as 1892 

 and then determined as P. rubigo-vera. It has appeared, according to 

 these older records, at Seattle, Washington ; at Billings, Montana ; in 

 Wyoming, and in Utah. 



J. C. Arthur f publishes a general review of rusts in the West Indies. 

 Some of the islands, such as Cuba and Porto Rico, have been well 

 searched for rusts, while others, Haiti and Jamaica, "are practically 

 virgin territory, yet awaiting the rust collector. As a general rule, the 

 Cuban flora favours that of North America, that of Porto Rico has 

 more species in common with South America." An interesting feature 

 is the adaptation to climatic conditions ; about 65 p.c. of the known 

 species propagate almost, or quite wholly, by uredospores, even those 

 that in temperate regions form teleutospores. Only about 10 p.c. 

 complete the full cycle of life-stages. Short-cycle rusts are very 

 numerous, and full development is rapid. 



C. R. Orton % ti^s published an account of American species of 

 Allodus. The genus was founded by Arthur, and includes pleomorphic 

 spore-forms which, so far as known, are autoecious. The most con- 

 spicuous character of the genus is the frequent close association of 

 aecidia and teleutospores on the same plant parts, and the absence 

 of distinct uredospore sori. Forty-seven American species are listed, with 

 synonymy, host-plants and locality, and several new species are recorded. 



F. D. Kern § contributes an account of Japanese species of Gymno- 

 sporangium, these being of especial interest in the United States as they 

 are liable to gain entrance there along with nursery specimens. The 

 several species are discussed in various aspects. 



Pistillaria.|l — E. A. Burt has described a minute Hymenomycete 

 preserved in the Farlow Herbarium at Harvard University. It is 

 characterized by the extreme simplicity of the structure : a few upright 

 hyphse extend in bundle form from the creeping mycelium, and, at a 

 little distance from the base, branch and terminate in basidia with four 

 sterigmata and spores. Burt records the fungus as Pistillaria (sub-gen. 

 Pistillina) Thaxieri sp. n. It grew on rotten wood at West Haven, 

 Connecticut. 



Sandy Sporophores.lT — Albert A. Hansen describes abnormal 

 growth forms of a fungus. They seemed to be exudations of resin 



* Phytopathology, vii. (1917) pp. 142-3. 

 t Torreya, xvii. (1917) pp. 24-7. 

 X Mem. N.Y. Bot. Gard., vi. (1916) pp. 173-203. 

 § Mem. N.Y. Bot. Gard., vi. (1916) pp. 245-52. 

 II Ann. Miss. Bot. Gard., iii. (1916) pp. 403-6 (figs.). 

 ^ Torreya, xvii. (1917) pp. 55-8 (2 figs.), 



2 E 2 



