538 Transactions of the Society. 



particularly to the absence of the characteristic papillae, and both 

 description and figures suggest to us a Radiolariau origin for the 

 specimens. 



In 1899 Flint (Ref. 30) figured T. papillata from various 

 stations in the Atlantic, and described and figured two new species 

 from the Gulf of Mexico:— 1. T. favosa, described as "spherical, 

 walls very thin, arenaceous, brown. Surface ornamented with a 

 network of thin prominent ridges extending uniformly over the 

 whole test, forming hexagonal pits. Cavity smooth, apertures 

 numerous, small, at the end of short tubular processes from some 

 of the points of junction of the ridges. Diameter about 0*8 mm." 

 2. T. cariosa, described as " spherical, surface rougb, as if eroded, 

 walls rather thick, cavernous. Cavity globular, smooth. Apertures 

 not tubular, colour a dirty brown. Differs from T. favosa in the 

 thicker walls and coarser structure, the eroded rather than reticu- 

 lated surface, the cavernous walls, and the non-tubular orifices. 

 Diameter about 1 mm." Both of Flint's species represent well- 

 marked and persistent types. 



Chapman, in 1902 (Ref. 32), briefly summarizes the charac- 

 teristics of the species and its distribution. 



Rhumbler, in 1903 (Ref. 33), attempted a systematic rearrange- 

 ment of the Arenaceous Foraminifera, and transferred Thurammina 

 to his fifth sub-family Saccamminiuse, re-naming the genus Thyram- 

 mina, and giving a list of six recent species. 



Kemna, in 1904 (Ref. 34), theorizes on the morphological 

 significance of the papillae, and regards them as modifications of 

 the tubular rays characteristic of the i)rimitive Astrorhizidse, and 

 as forming a transition stage towards a truly perforate test. In 

 the same year, 1904 (Ref. 35), Millett records and Hgures T. favosa 

 from shallow water in the Malay Archipelago. He appears to 

 have held strong doubts as to the rhizopodal nature of the organism, 

 but we are fortunately in possession of his specimens and can 

 confirm the identification. The Malay specimens are very minute, 

 and, for their size, thick-walled. 



In 1005 Chapman and Howchin, by the record of typical 

 T. papillata from the Permo-Carboniferous of Pokolbin, N.S.W., 

 extend the geographical record of the genus backward for a 

 considerable period. 



In 1906 Gough(Ref. 37) figures under the name " Thurammina 

 sp. ? " some small flask-shaped arenaceous forms from shallow 

 water, " most of them being globular, but some being rather more 

 irregular each apparently having only one aperture at the end of 

 a very small neck." He compares them with Saccammina 

 sphserica Sars, but remarks that they are of a smaller and finer 

 texture. Neither his figures nor description are very convincing 

 as regards their determination as Thurammina. We should be 

 inclined to refer the specimens to Beophax dijfflugiformis Brady. 



