ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 603 



simple in all species, later fronds are always pinnate. The number of 

 the pinnae could not be established on the herbarium material at the 

 author's disposal. Differences in the shape of the pinnre are concerned 

 with the length and breadth, and with the form of the drip-points. 

 Yery definite characters for tlie determination of the separate species 

 and varieties are provided by the development of the margin of the 

 pinnge. Another important character is the position of the ends of the 

 lateral nerves and their branches which are thickened into hydathodes. 

 In certain species the hairs occurring on the lower surface of the pinnae 

 are taken into account. The sporangia show differences in size ; and 

 the annulus differs in regard to the number of cells of which it is 

 composed. Similar differences occur in the paraphyses. The size of 

 the three-lobed tetrahedral spores is characteristic of many species. 

 The author deals at length with the geographical distriluition of the 

 different species, and describes a certain number of new ones. A key for 

 the determination of the species and varieties is given, as well as careful 

 and detailed dias^noses of each. 



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Botrychium Lunaria. * — Z. Zsak writes on the occurrence of 

 Botrychium Lunaria in the Pesth Comitate. On the farther side of the 

 Danube it is found in three mountain groups : in the west on the 

 Koszeg INIountains ; eastward from there on the south-westerly outlying 

 portion of the Vertes Mountain ; and north-easterly on the Ofner 

 Mountains, where it occurs at a height of about 370 m., near Pilis- 

 Szentiven, associated with some seven rare flowering plants. 



British Ferns.f — S. L. Bastin publishes a little volume on our 

 native ferns and fern-allies. It is of a popular nature, and treats of 

 classification, life-histories, extinct ferns, and then discusses each of our 

 British species in turn, giving a photograph of each. 



New Ferns from Borneo. $ — E. B. Copeland publishes descriptions 

 of forty-four new species of ferns from Borneo, chiefly from collections 

 made on Mount Kinabulu by Clemens and Topping, and partly in 

 Sarawak by F. J. Brooks and others. These specimens referred to 

 fourteen genera, one of which, Oreogrammitis, is new to science, and 

 stands between Sderoglossum and PolypocUum. 



Bryophyta. 



(By A. Gepp.) 



Structural Adaptations in Hepaticae.§ — K. Miiller writes on the 

 adaptation of liverworts to conditions of extreme light. He first deals, 

 however, with adaptations exhibited by species to make the mosti of 

 insufficient illumination, a condition which is less common. Among the 



o 



* Magyar Bot. Lapok., xv. (1916) pp. 82-5. See also Bot. Centralbl., cxxxii. 

 (1916) pp. 525-6. 



t British Ferns, and how to Know Them. London : (1917) 136 pp. (36 figs.). 



X Philippine Journ. Sci., Bot., xii. (1917) pp. 45-65. 



§ Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Gesell., xxxiv. (1916) pp. 142-53 (figs.). See also Bot. 

 Centralbl., cxxxii. (1916) pp. 475-6. 



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