612 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



antistrophe can be brought about by a convergence of light-rays of 90° 

 and more into the palisade cells of foliage leaves. Thus the same 

 arrangement of the chromatophores is brought about in foliage leaves 

 and in the marine algse investigated. 



Algse from the Chincha Islands." — F. S. Collins publishes a list of 

 a small but interesting collection of marine algte from the Chincha 

 Islands, off the coast of Peru, collected in 1862 by a Mrs. Nickerson, 

 wife of a sea-captain who visited those islands. The algse in question 

 are preserved in the University of Maine, and consist of twenty-one 

 species, of which five are additional to the known algse of Peru, and one 

 represents a new form of Plocamium coccineum. To many of the 

 records the author adds critical notes. 



Hawaiian Algse.f — Mac C. Vaughan writes on the species of algae 

 used as food in the Hawaiian Archipelago. The native generic name is 

 Limu ; and a specific name is added. The species in question are 

 Enteromorpha flexuosa, Gelidium Amansii, Gijmnogongrus sp., Codium 

 Muelleri, Hypnea nidifica, and A spar ar/ op sis Sanfordiana. Species of 

 Spirogyra and Centroceras are used in the local phiarmaceutical pre- 

 parations. 



Chara crinita.| — A. Ernst publishes his investigations on Ghara 

 crinita. Since the work of Braun and Migula this species has been 

 regarded as a genuine example of true parthenogenesis in the vegetable 

 kingdom. The author here shows, however, tliat, in agreement with the 

 results in Angiosperms, there is here no generative, but a somatic, 

 parthenogenesis (ovogenous apogamy). 



FuDg-i. 



(By A. LoREAiN Smith, F.L.S.) 



Protascus subuliforrais Dang'.§ — Ptene Maire describes a new 

 Nematode worm Rhahditis Giardi, and with it a fungal parasite Protascus 

 svhidiformis which was found infecting that and other Nematodes. 

 The ]ife-hii>tory of the fungus is followed in detail ; it invades every 

 part of the body of the worm through germinating spores which pierce 

 the cuticle by means of ferments and form sporangia with a very 

 varying number of spores ; or zygospores are formed which function as 

 resting spores. 



Protascus is compared by the author to other similar organisms, and 

 its place discussed in relation to allied fungi. Either, he considers, it 

 should be placed in the family Lagenidiaceai or should form a separate 

 family Protoascaceae. 



* Rhodora, xvii. (1915) pp. 89-96. 



+ Amer. Journ. Bot., 'iii. (1916) pp. 474-9. See also Nuova Notarisia, xxviii. 

 <1917) p. 252. 



X Actes Soc. Helv6t. Sci. Nat. Geneve (1915) pt. 2, p. 198. See also Bot. Cen- 

 tralbl., cxsxii. (1916) p. 504. 



§ Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique du Nord, vii. (1915) pp. 33-51 (13 figs.). 



