ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 615 



American Fungi. * — W. A. Murrlll publishes a plate of coloured 

 drawings of the larger fungi, with descriptions, all of them, with one 

 exception, also to be found in this country. They include such familiar 

 species as CanthareUus cibarius, Collyhia dryophila, Mycena pura, etc. 



Homer D. House t gives an account of a series of models of fungi, 

 the work of an artist and sculptor, Henri Marchand. They are made of 

 wax, and have been placed in the State Museum at Albany, New York, 

 as a memorial to the late Charles Horton Peck. 



Development of Basidiocarps in Pholiota.| — W. H. Sawyer has 

 made a comparative study of the three species PhoUota squarrosa, 

 P. fiammans, and P. adiposa. He describes the origin of the primordia 

 of the different parts, pileus, hymenophore, etc., the growth of the 

 outer coverings and of the gills. There are distinct differences in the 

 mode and extent of development of the various parts in the species 

 examined. The paper is illustrated by microphotographs. 



New or Rare Species of Grasteromycetes.§— W. H. Long describes 

 some fungi of this group from Texas : — Geasteroides gen. n., in which 

 the exoperidium splits into refiexed persistent segments, while the 

 endoperidium is more or less deciduous ; Arachniopsis gen. n., also with 

 a double peridium, the outer fragile and more or less deciduous, the 

 inner cartilaginous and opening irregularly at the apex ; both genera are 

 represented by one species. The author further describes species of 

 Lysurus and Laterma, both previously known to science. 



Chemical Research on "Elaphomyces hirtus." || — Giovanni Issogho 

 has chemically tested every part of the fruiting body of this fungus, of 

 which he gives a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the water, 

 ash, etc. He then records the results of examination by extract — 

 micosterina obtained from the peridium is a carbohydrate. Minute 

 quantities of alkaloids were determined ; they were not sufficient to be 

 analysed. Mannite, which is generally diffused in fungi, was also found 

 in the peridium and in the gleba. From the hyphaj was extracted a 

 carbohydrate, micoiuulina, and another substance, paraiso-destrano, 

 previously discovered by Winterstein in Polyporus betulinus. Fungus 

 cellulose, termed here " Fungina," was examined and found to contain a 

 certain amount of nitrogen. The brown pigment of the spores was 

 also found to contain nitrogen. A preface to the paper is supplied by 

 Mattirolo. 



Australian nFungi. IF — J. Burton Cleland and E. Cheel are continuing 

 their study of these fungi, and contribute notes on Nidulariacea3 and 

 Lycoperdaceee. In the former family the two genera Cyathus and 



* Mycologia, ix. (1917) pp. 257-60 (1 pL). 



t Mycologia, ix. (1917) pp. 313-14. 



X Bot. Gaz., Ixiv. (1917) pp. 206-29 (5 pis.). 



§ Mycologia, ix. (1917) pp. 271-4. 



Ij Atti Reale Accad. Sci. Torine, lii. (1917) pp. 644-62. 



f Journ. and Proc. Roy. Soc. N.S. Wales, 1. (1916) pp. 105-29. 



