634 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



nasal secretion ; that, volume for volume, spinal fluid brings about a 

 much thicker growth of the meningococcus than do the same volumes 

 of blood or nasal secretion. * 



Bkbtetti, E., & G. FiNzi — Sulle proprieta dei sieri di animali iperimmunizati 

 contra la morra e sulla scelta degli animali per la preparatione di sieri 

 ricchi in anticorpi antimorphosi. 



[Deals with the possibility of obtaining anti-glanders sera from various 

 animals.] Atli d. E. Accad. d. Lincei, xxvi. (1917) pp. 131-5. 



(2) Preparing- Objects. 



Investigating Cytoplasmic Inclusions of Germ-cells." — J. B. 

 Gatenby fixed most of his material, germ-cells of Lepidoptera, in strong 

 Flemming without acetic acid, or in Champy's fluid. Sections were 

 stained on the slide with iron-haematoxylin, Ehrlich's hsematoxylin and 

 Orange G, methyl-blue eosin, Mayer's acid haemalum, pyronin and 

 methyl-green, Breinl's process, or the carmin stains. Alizarin and 

 crystal-violet and iron-hamatoxylin were used especially for mitochondria. 



Regaud's formol bichromate gave useful results with smears of testes. 

 These w'ere first fixed in osmic vapour, and then soaked for a short time 

 in Regaud ; afterwards they were placed in 90 p.c. alcohol for several 

 hours. They were then stained in iron-haematoxylin. As a rule in 

 such preparations the mitochondria alone were stained. Afterwards 

 Bensley's permanganate of potash and fuchsin stain was used, but no 

 stain was found to approach iron-hamatoxylin for certainty and 

 usefulness. 



Investigating Pharyngeal G-land-cells of Earthworms, f — J. 



Stephenson employed Zenker's fluid and sublimate-acetic for fixing the 

 embryos and smaller worms, including the adults of Helodrilus parvus ; 

 some specimens of Pheretima were similarly treated. Narcotization with 

 chloreton and fixation by 10 p.c. formalin were employed for most of the 

 adult specimens of Pheretima and Helodrilus caliginosus. For staining, 

 the most generally useful method is some degree of overstaining with 

 Delafield's hgematoxylin, differentiation with acid-alcohol, and counter- 

 staining with alcohol-eosion. Dobell's modification of Heidenhain's 

 iron-hsematoxylin method also gave excellent results. In addition, 

 Heidenhain's original chrom-haematoxylin method was used. This 

 gave unsurpassed differentiation of epithelial cells (skin, pharynx, oeso- 

 phagus), but was useless for the cells of the pharyngeal mass. Van 

 Gieson's stain and borax-carmin, followed by picro-indigo carmin, were 

 useful in differentiating the connective-tissue, and in distinguishing it 

 from the muscular fibre. 



Maclicqueb, J. — Instructions for the Collection, Preparation, and Conservation 

 of Marine Animals. 



[The instructions are copious and careful, and the monograph is illustrated 

 with numerous engravings.1 



Publicaciones de la Junta de Ciencies Naturalo di Barcelona, 



i. (1917), 55 pp. (3 pis.). 



* Quart. Journ. Micr. Sci., Ixii. (1917) pp. 412-3. 

 t Quart. Journ. Micr. Sci., Ixii. (1917) pp. 260-1. 



