208 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



was not able to infect leaves directly with the ascospore, but only with 

 the conidial form produced by their artificial culture. He then got a 

 growth of the Glc&osporium which placed the connection beyond doubt. 



Gloeosporium phomoides.* — F. Gueguen finds that this fungus, 

 which grows on the fruits of the tomato, is a wound-parasite and has 

 been found only on ripe tomatoes. The mycelium produces suckers 

 which penetrate the cells of the host and destroy the nucleus. The cell 

 is then invaded by the hyphae of the fungus and the whole tissue is 

 gradually destroyed. 



Monilia fructigena.f — This fungus has been long known in its 

 conidial and sclerotium forms, and recognised as a " brown-rot " disease 

 of fruits. J. B. S. Norton has recently proved its connection with the 

 Peziza stage. The apothecia were attached to sclerotia on the buried 

 peaches that were diseased with the fungus, but only from sclerotia that 

 were over one year old. They developed during April, just about the 

 time of the flowering of the peaches and other fruit-trees. The writer 

 cultivated the conidial stage from the ascospores and infected twigs of 

 peach and plum. He also produced the " brown-rot " by inoculating 

 healthy fruits with conidia that he had developed from the ascospores- 

 of the Peziza, or more directly with the ascospores themselves. 



Sclerotinia Fuckeliana.J — A. Lorrain Smith has investigated a 

 disease of gooseberries that affected the stem, destroying the bark and 

 so killing the bush. She found that it was clue to the presence of 

 Botrytis and sclerotia, and by culture obtained the Peziza form frorra 

 the sclerotium which proved to be identical with Sclerotinia Fuclceliana* 

 A comparison with other forms of Botrytis was made, and the develop- 

 ment of the mycelium contrasted with that of Monilia, also a sclerotiuin- 

 forming fungus. 



Research on Lichens.§ — M. Fiinfstiick reviews the work that has 

 been done towards completing our knowledge of Lichens. He cites the 

 papers by Baur and others on the sexuality of the fruit, and concludes 

 that though sexuality in a number of forms is almost established, it 

 has not yet been proved. He touches on the influence exerted by the 

 sub-stratum on the development of the lichen, and draws attention to 

 the growth of the algal cells which remain green under a thick, more 

 or less opaque sheath of hyphas. All these points require further eluci- 

 dating, and much research work on Lichens, Fiinfstuck considers, remains 

 to be done. 



Chinese Lichens. ||— A. Jatta gives a list of 200 species and sub- 

 species of Lichens collected by Father Giraldi in the north of China 

 in the province of Shen-si. About fifty of the species are extra- 

 European and nineteen are new to science. Locality and habitat are 

 carefully recorded for each plant and diagnoses given of the new forms. 



* Bull. Soc. Myc. de France, xviii. (1902) pp. 312-27 (2 pis.). 



t Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, xii. (1902) pp. 91-7 (4 pis.). 



X Journal of Botany, xli. (1903) pp. 19-23. 



§ Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges., xx. (1903) pp. 62-77. 



I Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital., ix. (1902) pp. 460-81. 



