ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICKOSCOPY, ETC. 657 



different forms of the same species being mistaken for other plants. 

 He describes two new species of Charonectria and one of Diplodina. 



Lichens. 



Lichens.* — A. Jatta publishes a first series of the Lichens of the 

 Levier herbarium. They were collected in Southern Asia and in Oceania, 

 many of them are from India. The list includes 86 species, 3 new to 

 science, Ramalina laciniata, Strigida iasignis, and Leptogium azurellum. 



Some notes on the systematic arrangement of Pyrenocarpous Lichens 

 are published by A. Zahlbruckner.f He holds that the natural arrange- 

 ment of lichens must follow that of the fungi, giving the great groups 

 of Asco-, Hymeno-, and Gasterolickens. The Ascolichens are subdivided 

 into Pyrenocarpous and Gymnocarpous forms. The writer traces the 

 connection between the Verrucariacece and other higher families of the 

 group. 



M. A. Libert $ publishes the lichens of the Ardennes from the 

 Cryptogams Arduemm. 



Clem. Aigret § has completed a monograph of the CJadonis found in 

 Belgium. He gives a historical account of the genus, methods of exami- 

 nation, and analytical tables of the species, which are fully described. 



A. Zahlbruckner || furnished a list of lichens in connection with the 

 report on the German Flora ; some of the species are new, but in this 

 list only the names and habitat are recorded. 



M. Britzelmayr ^ publishes an account of the lichens collected by 

 him in the Algauer Alps. Many of them are new to the locality. 



Mycorhiza.** — M. Marcuse has examined a number of plant roots 

 that are inhabited by the endotropic form of Mycorhiza. The presence 

 of the fungus is affected, he finds, by the period of vegetation, and by 

 the age of the roots. The writer touches on various other points of 

 interest. He studied more especially the holosaprophytic Orchidacese 

 and such hemisaprophytic plants as Linum catharticum, Polygala amara, 

 Pinus sylvestris, &c. 



Schizophyta. 

 Schizophycese. 



Mastigocladus laminosus.jt — A. Lowenstein gives the result of his 

 experiments on this alga in various temperatures. He finds that it 

 flourishes in the Carlsbad spring and can bear a heat of 52° C. The 

 plant was made to grow in a mixture of spring water, Molisch's nutritive 

 solution, and Moldau water at. the same high temperature. But it can 



* Malpighia, xvii. (1903) pp. 3-15. 



t Verh. K. K. Zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, liii. (1903) pp. 81-2. 



% Malpighia, xvii. (1903) pp. 229-38. 



§ Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belg., xl. (1901) pp. 43-213. 



|| Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges., xx. (1903) pp. 264-76. 



^f Ber. Naturw. Ver. Scbwaben u. Neuburg, xxxv. (1902) pp. 91-105. See also 

 Bot. Centralbl., xxiv. (1903) p. 99. 



** Inaug. Diss. Univ. Jena, 1902, 30 pp., 1 double plate. See also Hedwigia, 

 xlii. (1903) Beibl. p. 129. 



ft Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges., xxi. U903) PP- 317-23. 



