ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 709 



white rat, etc., and their relation to the pericellular " Saftliickensystem." 

 She finds that the intracellular canaliculi open into runnel-like lymph 

 spaces, which lie on the surface of the cell and form depressions upon it ; 

 that the intracellular canaliculi are without walls and belong structurally 

 to the cytoplasm of the ganglion cell ; that there is no special tropho- 

 spongimn in the ganglion cells of the spinal cord ; that the grey 

 matter immediately surrounding the ganglion-cell is distinguishable as 

 a clear pericellular area from more distal areas ; and that the spaces and 

 runnels on the cell-surface probably represent, along with the sap- 

 canaliculi of the cell, the beginnings or roots of the lymph-system of 

 the spinal cord. 



Secretory Processes in Suprarenal Capsules.* — 0. Ciaccio has 

 studied these, in many representative types of vertebrates. The cortical 

 and medullary areas are structurally and functionally distinct. The 

 cortical secretion consists («) of fatty and oxyphile substances, and 

 (&) of a specific liquid secretion (in the median zone), and a specific 

 granular secretion, preceded by a pre-granular stage, in the internal 

 zone. 



The medullary region has also a twofold secretion : (a) of basophil 

 granules, which in part pass into the veins, and (p) of fuchsinophil 

 granules. The cortex is devoted to the transformation of toxic pro- 

 ducts, while the medulla produces a substance necessary for normal 

 metabolism. 



Formative Elastic Structures in Cells.f — N. K. Koltzoff describes, 

 especially in spermatozoa of Decapod Crustaceans, various elastic 

 structures which he calls formative because they appear to determine 

 the external form of the cell. He analyses the various factors which 

 determine form : the internal turgor (osmotic pressure, or it may be 

 " Quellungsdruck "), the osmotic pressure of the external medium, and 

 surface tension. But in cases like the sperms of Decapod Crustaceans, 

 the state of affairs is complicated by the existence of elastic fibres, and 

 to a consideration of these the paper is especially devoted. 



Brunner's Glands.} — B. B. Bensley disagrees almost wholly with 

 the conclusions of Bogomoletz in regard to the glands of Bruuner. 

 The most inexplicable of these conclusions is that which ascribes to the 

 zymogenic gland-cell the power to take on secondarily the function of 

 mucin-secretion. 



In the rabbit, the glands of Brunner are mixed glands (well 

 compared by Castellant to the mixed glands of the trachea) composed 

 of mucous portions, the cells of which stain strongly in stronger 

 rnuchamiatein, mucicarmine, etc. ; and serous portions, the cells of 

 which do not stain in these solutions, but, on the contrary, possess a 

 radially striated, basal zone, containing a great deal of the nucleo 

 proteid prozymogen, as may be demonstrated by the microchemical 

 reaction for iron and phosphorus, and an apical zone filled with 

 minute granules of zymogen. 



* Anat. Anzeig., xxiii. (1903) pp. 401-24 (15 figs.), 

 t Biol. Centralbl., xxiii. (1903) pp. 680-96 (12 figs.). 

 % Anat. Anzeig., xxiii. (1903) pp. 497-507 (3 figs.). 



