No. 1 (1922). ADMINISTRATION REPORT, 1920-21 29 



(<?) The Tlmlayi Fish-CuTers' co-operative society was not able 

 to carry on joint sale for want of experienced men to manage its 

 business, and as they could not utilize their paid-up share capita), 

 for this purpose, they have resolved to give this amount as loans 

 to the members for their individual business till they gain some 

 experience in the fish trade. It nevertheless collected a commission 

 of Ks. 225-7-5, on the fish sold individually by the members and 

 also refunded Rs. 512-11-9 towards the cost of the site acquired 

 and of the building which Government put up for its use. 



(d) The society of Uppalavadi has purchased a plot of land for 

 Es. 1,050 with the help of a loan from the Central Bank and secured 

 a licence from the Cuddalore Municipal Council for opening a fish 

 market thereon. This will not only enable them to get proper prices 

 for their fish but also bring in a rent of about Rs. 40 per mensem. 

 This is a noteworthy instance of a very humble, illiterate, and back- 

 ward community who have improved their economic condition and 

 status in a substantial manner by co-operation, though it is only two 

 years since their society was started. 



Another interesting society is the one organized for the stipen- 

 diary students of the Fisheries Training Institute. 



On account of the slackness that prevailed in some of the 

 societies, it was found necessary to consolidate them rather than to 

 increase their number by starting others. There were also factions 

 in a few of the villages which prevented the smooth working 

 of their societies. Most of them have nevertheless worked satis- 

 factorily making due allowance for the inexperience and illiteracy 

 of the great majority of the members. 



44. Education. — The Training Institute at Calicut continued 

 to progress satisfactorily. Twenty-four pupil teachers were under 

 training. Besides undergoing instruction in the syllabus subjects 

 (except carpentry) they were given opportunity by means of fre- 

 quent excursions to acquire practical knowledge of the principal 

 methods of fishing and curing as practised on the west coast, 

 including canning, smoking and the like. 



Three canoes fully equipped with fishing gear were available 

 for their use ; they were regularly sent to sea in batches several 

 times a week during the fair weather period to gain first-hand 

 experience. The Headmaster is to be congratulated on the good 

 progress made by his pupils. 



45. Village schools. — The number of these schools rose from 20 

 to 28. Of these fifteen are day and thirteen night schools. The 

 number of pupils rose from 929 (565 day and 864 night) to 1,385 

 (930 day and 455 night) and out of this total 285 were girls. The 

 number of teachers employed by the department was 38 in the day 



