INDIAN DRAGON FLIES. 151 



Libellula ferruginata, Cirillo. 

 Libellula ternaria, Say. 



Expanse, male 72 mm. Length, male 40 mm. 

 female 66 mm. female 36 mm. 



Head : eyes dark bro>vn above, greenish laterally and beneath ; epistome 

 elypens and labrum luteous with a black bordering to the latter and a brown 

 streak along the ocular margin of the epistome. 



Prothorax : brownish red. 



Thorax: a dull red, covered with a fine yellow pile and bearing laterally 

 two dark brown or black, converging stripes. 



Legs black. 



Wings hyaline. Antenodal nervures 1 6. A rich red, amber tinting at 

 the base of wings, which colour in some specimens extends along the 

 entire costal margin. In the middle of the costa, in the neighbourhood of 

 the node a black spot varying greatly in size and intensity and often 

 lying in a smoky area. In other specimens this spot may be absent. A 

 large, triangular, blackish spot at the base of the hindwing, reticulated 

 with yellow, extending from the cubitus in front, back to rather beyond 

 the membrane, and outwards for a variable distance towards the trigone. 

 The cubital, median and sub-costal spaces usually bright yellow. In a 

 variety — " praenuhlia, Newman" — a brown fascia is present near the stigma, 

 extending for a variable distance towards the termen. This species is 

 usually larger than (jundrimacidafa and the abdomen is less pilose. In 

 specimens from Kashmir, the nodal spot is small and the basal marking 

 does not extend into the trigone. 



Stigma black or fuscous. 3'5 — 4 mm. 



Abdomen broad and tapering, hairy, dull red or ochreous, the segments 

 from the distal end of the -^th, to the anal end of the abdomen, black. 

 All segments from the 2nd to the 7th bear a yellow lunule at the sides. 



The abdomen of the female much broader than that of the male. 



Anal appenda-ges black. 



Hab. Kashmir 7000"— 8000". 



12. Libellula fulva, Miiller. 



Libellula conspurcata, Schneider. 

 Libellula, var. pentica, Selys. 



Expanse 72 mm. Length 40 mm. 



Head : eyes brown above, paler beneath ; vesicle, front, epistome and 

 labrum somewhat bluish, glossy, dark brown. 



Prothorax: dark brown. 



Thorax: dull olivaceous or red or nearly black and somewhat paler at 

 the sides streated obscurely with brown. 



Legs black; the bases of the femorse fidvous; those of the female reddish 

 at the base. 



Wings hyaline : antenodal nervures 12 ; the forewing with a rust 

 coloured ray at the base ; the posterior with a similar coloured, triangular 

 spot at the base. In some species the apices of the wings are smoky and 

 others have the wings broadly suffused with yellow. In the forewing there 

 is usually a black ray in the cubital space and in the hindwing, one in the 

 eub-costal space. In some species there may be yellowish rays in the 

 superior and inferior costal spaces extending nearly as far out as the 

 stigma. 



Stigma black or dark brown. 2*5 — 3 ram. Membrane black or dusky. 



Abdomen: dark brown, with a darker brown or black, irregular, mid-dorsal 

 stripe. The proximal and distal ends of the abdomen fuscous and the 

 whole, especially in the males frosted with blue. In the female, yellowish 



