THE COMMON BUTTERFLIES OF TEE PLAINS OF INDIA. 455 



the Himalayas and most of them belong to Burma and the Malayan Subregion. 

 The members of the subfamily are all, with the exception of the genera Sztrendra 

 and Zitmspa, (not included here) large insects as the Lyccenidce go, have blue, 

 purple or green uppersides, often brilliantly metallic and very character- 

 stically marked undersides. Most of them have a lobe and tail , some have 

 more tails than one , sometimes different in number in the sexes ; a few of the 

 genus ArJwpala have no tails and very little lobe — but, even then, the underside 

 is always unmistakable. 



23. Genus — Zezius. 



This is another genus that contains but one species. De Niceville writes : 

 "In this genus the sexes are equally balanced, the male has an extra 

 nervure (vein 8 wanting in the female ), the female has an extra tail to the hind 

 wing (at vein 3). It is strange that Mr. Moore should have overlooked 

 the dissimilarity in the number of subcostal nervules (veins 7, 8, 9) to the fore 

 wing which exists in the opposite sexes of the type species of this genus, 

 though it was pointed out by IMr. Hewitson. The dissimilarity in the colour- 

 ation of the sexes on the upperside is also remarkable, the male being bril- 

 liant coppery, the female duU blue and black. The genus contains but a single 

 species which occurs in the Malda district of Bengal, several parts of the Bombay 

 Presidency, in Ganjam, throughout South India and in Ceylon." The larva 

 is abnormal in having segment 2 peculiarly formed, in having a short, tubular 

 mouth to the gland and some jfleshy teeth laterally on the posterior segments ; 

 the pupa is similar to those of the genus Arliopala . The larva is attended 

 always by red ants and, indeed, will not live healthy without them and is 

 probably occasionally carnivorous, eating their pupae. 



170. Zezius chrysomallus, Hiibner. — ^Male. Upperside : both wings coppery 

 red, often with a strong violet gloss in certain lights, costal and outer margins 

 narrowly brown, sometimes the brown diffused and slightly broader. Fore 

 wing : no clothing of appressed hairs on the disc and no fringe of hair along the 

 inner margin. Hind wing : with three black spots at the anal angle in inter- 

 spaces lb, 1 and 2, bordered by a marginal, slender, greyish-blue line ; a narrow 

 tail from the end of vein 1 and another from the end of vein 2, both black with 

 red and white borders. Cilia brown. Underside : both wings greyish buff-white, 

 or browner. Fore wing : with two pale, reddish-brown or rusty spots in the 

 cell another below the cell in the base of interspace 2 ; a paler, discocellular 

 Imiule ; a transverse, postmedial, cateulated band of eight round spots and a 

 less distinct, submarginal, lunular line ; an anteciliary, fine, rusty line ; cilia 

 brown. Hind wing : with two reddish-brown spots on the inner side of the 

 costal nervure ; two within the cell ; two below the cell ; one on the abdominal 

 margin ; a paler, discocellular limule ; a broken, catenulated, discal band of 

 eight marks, bent up at the lower end, those in interspaces 4, 5 slightly displaced 

 outwards ; a submarginal, lunular line ; three marginal, anal black spots, the 

 first and third with a red, inner border, the middle spot almost obliterated by 

 blue-grey speckling. Cilia : brown with the bases grey ; the anteciliaiy line 

 brown upwards, rusty in the middle, pure white in the anal third. Antennae 

 brown ; the club rounded, tipped orange ; body and palpi above : brown ; frons 

 white and brown. Below : all white. — Female. Upperside : both wings vio- 

 let-brow'n, the basal and discal, median areas, including the cell, pale blue ; an 

 anteciliary, fine , black line ; cilia brown. Hind wing with an outer, marginal, 

 slender, black line, margined internally in the anal region with white ; blackish, 

 pale-bordered, submarginal spots in the posterior interspaces, the second and 

 third darkest, the third bordered by a red lunule ; tails from veins 1, 2, 3 blackish 

 with red and white borders, the middle one longest, the outer shortest ; cilia 

 whitish with a broad, medial, darker line. Underside : both wings as in the male, 



