THE COMMON BUTTERFLIES OF THE PLAINS OF INDIA. 475 



line on the front margin, the thickened margin slightly turned up — there is 

 no dorsal depression ; the anal segment squarish, the lateral eorners, however, 

 broadly rounded and the posterior edge even perhaps a little concave : the 

 sides of the segment even slightly, also, converge forwards : the dorsum is 

 moderately flat ; the dorsum of segment 2 is perhaps a little concave longi- 

 tudinally, the front margin of segment 3 suddenly a little higher in level ; 

 there is no sign of segment 13 ; segments 3-10 all of the same breadth and 

 height, the last being a little lower than 9; segments 11-14 sloping to the 

 somewhat turned-uis, hinder margin of 14 ; segment 12 bears the cylindrical, 

 prominent, permanently exserted little towers from which the white-pink 

 cylindrical organs are protruded occasionally ; these towers are obliquely 

 truncated at the top and bear four or five simple, cylindrical, square-topped 

 (not pointed that is), longish hairs around the edge ; there is not a vestige of 

 a spiracle to be seen on this segment 12: segment 11 has the hinder margin 

 displaced forwards somewhat just in front of these towers so that there is a deep 

 fold just before it on each side at the bottom of which is placed the spiracle ; 

 the gland fi-om which the honey is exuded is very short transversely and placed 

 on the back face of a slight dorsal prominence ; immediately before each tower 

 of segment 12 is a small round swelling with some of the translucent, simple, 

 truncated hairs on it ; the other segments are normal, segment 10 a little longer 

 than 9. Head only semi-hidden, rather large, shining black in colour with a 

 large, triangular clypeus : the surface smooth except on the basal half of the 

 face where there is a dense clothing of white, very minute, fine, somewhat 

 apjiressed, branched hairs ; colour of labrum light, ligula bro^\ii, basal antennal 

 joint red, second joint blackish ; mandibles dark, eyes light. Sjnrachs small, 

 nearly round, slightly convex, light brown or yellowish : those of segment 2 

 slightly larger. Surface of larva dull except on dorsum of f egment 2 and seg- 

 ment 14 which are shining even underneath the clothing : this clothing 

 consists of a dense covering of minute, branched (sometimes disc-topped) 

 hairs : the vast majority of them stemless or nearly so, most of them glassy- 

 shining ; some black ones mixed with them : these hairs shortly but distinct^ 

 stemmed in the spiracular regions of the body ; a fringe of a single row of much 

 longer, minutely feathered, erect, truncated, white hairs on dorsoventral margin 

 all round the body : the hairs being rather sparse, longest and densest at both 

 ends of body^none of them being even half as long as the bcdy is wide : there 

 is a row of some 6 simple, translucent, truncated, cylindrical hairs between 

 the tower-bases and there are a few much shorter ones across bcdy on each 

 segment near the hinder margin, each segment 2-11 has a dorsal, circular 

 central depression or dent on it. The colour of the larva is green (sometimes 

 grey-bro^\'^) with a darker green dorsal line centred by a thin white one (or a 

 dark green, narrow band centred by a white line), an indistinct lateral, 

 white line with a black spot beneath and toviching it on segments 3, 5-10; 

 also a darkish green, indistinct, supra spiracular line ; anal segment dorsally 

 all shining dark-brown with lateral brown line diverging at the ends parallel 

 to the outer boundary of the dark-brown area : towers of segment 12 and 

 area between them dark reddish brown : segment 11 with a longitudinal 

 dorso-lateral, very broad reddish-brown band ; the whole of segment 

 2 and the front margin and lateral region of segment 4 both reddish-brown ; 

 these reddish-brown parts shagreened wdth the little silvery star-branched, 

 stemless hairs; true legs shining green; prolegs green. L: 18 mm; B: 

 4'5 mm ; H : 33 mm. 



Pupa. — The shajje is that of any ordinary pupa of the Zizera-Polyommatvs 

 group ; the 13th segment is very large though not particularly broad, convex 

 both longitudinally and transversely, forming the rounded end of the pupa 

 Avith the anal segment right underneath it ventrally ; segment 12 is a short 

 band, less than half the length of segment 11 which is shorter than 13 ; segment 



20 



