A LIST OF BIRDS FOUND IN THE SIMLA HILLS. 611 



772. The Himalayan Greenfinch — Hypacanthis spinoides, Vigors. 



Resident, though the flocks wander away from their breeding 

 haunts in the cold season and spring. Birds shot in April are 

 moulting. Commences breeding operations in June which 

 continue till September or, rarely, till October, for in 1916 

 I saw a brood of young ones which had not left the nest more 

 than a day. This was on 29th of that month (October). 



775. The Yellow-throated Sparrow — GymnorMs flavkolUs, Frankl. 



Not uncommon up to about 4,000 feet elevation. 



776. The House-Sparrow — Passer domestlcus, Linn. 



Abundant in Simla. 

 780. The Cinnamon Tree-Sparrow — Passer cinnamomeus, Gould. 



Common up to at least 8,000 feet. 

 787. Stoliczka's Mountain-Finch — Fringilauda sordida, Stol. 



Large flocks frequent the open spaces during the winter months. 

 Leaves these parts in March. 



792. The Pine-Bunting — Emheriza leucocepJiala, S. G. Gin. 



Dodsworth procured a specimen on 23rd February 1913 at an 

 elevation of 3,500 feet. 



793. The White-capped Bunting — Emheriza steicarti, Blyth. 



Abundant in the cold season. Leaves these parts in March, 

 returning September and October. 



794. The Eastern Meadow-Bunting — Emberiza stracJieyi, Moore. 



Breeds in Simla from April to September. Common. 

 803. The Crested Bunting — Meloplius melanicterus, Gm. 



Frequents the lower valleys up to 5,000 feet. Neither com- 

 mon nor rare. Breeds May and June and probably later. 



805. The Kashmir Martin — Chelidon Kashmiri ensis, Gould. 



Large flocks of Martins appear in May. I have failed to 

 secure a specimen but think they are probably the present 

 species. 



809. The Indian Sand-Martin — Cotile sinensis, J. E. Gray. 



Occurs in fair numbers in the neighbourhood of Suni on the 

 banks of the Sutlej. Elevation 2,000 feet. 



810. The Crag-Martin — Ptyonoprogne rupestris. Scop. 



Very plentiful in the cold weather. Both the Jungle-Crow 

 and the Kestrel take toll of its numbers. 

 813. The Swallow — Hirundo rustica, Linn. 



Only occasionally seen in Simla. Breeds at Suket City in 

 the shops aligning tho main street. Elevation 3,000 feet. 

 818. The Wire-tailed Swallow — Hinindo smithii, Leach. 



Not common. Returns year after year to the same locality 

 for nesting purposes. Ascends to 7,000 feet. 

 822. Hodgson's Striated Swallow — Hirtindo nepalensis, Hodgson. 



Much more numerous than the foregoing species. Breeds 

 commonly in Simla. 

 826. The White Wagtail— JI/otact7?a alba, Linn. 



Only observed on the downward migration during September. 

 Elevation 6,000 feet. 

 829. The Masked Wagtail — Motacilla personafa, Gould. 



Occurs up to 7,000 feet on both the spring and autumu 

 migrations. 

 831. The Large Pied Wagtail — Motacilla maderaspatensxs, Gould. 



A few pairs are found frequenting the larger streams. 

 37 



