THE COMMON BUTTERFLIES OF THE PLAINS OF INDIA. 757 



that of segment 4 in length ; that on 10 longest of all, slightly longer than 

 those of segment 6 ; that on 11 the same length as the one on segment 3 

 or even shorter ; segment 12 has a subspiracular one directed slantingly 

 backwards with an vipward tendency ; the process on segment 3 is slightly 

 curved and erect, leaning slightly forwards ; on segment 4 is erect, leaning 

 forwards, slightly hooked at tip ; on 5, erect ; on 6 also vertical as con- 

 cerns the dorsal one, the subspiracular being directed straight out in the 

 horizontal plane ; those of segments 8, 9 curved, leaning forwards ; that 

 of 9, vertical ; of 10, situated near the hinder margin, leans backwards, 

 curved forwards slightly. Surface of the larva is shallowly pitted 

 all over and transversely creased ; covered fairly closely with minute, 

 thick-based, erect hairs, these hairs occasionally inclined towards the 

 surface ; the dorsoventral margins of segments 2 and 14 are set with 

 erect, light-coloured, short hairs ; on other segments they are light brown 

 and somewhat longer. Spiracles broadly oval, rather small, flat, raised upon 

 slight corrugations of the body, greenish light-brown in colour. Colour 

 of the body is grass-green with a broad, enamel-white dorsal band in- 

 creasing in width from the hinder margin of segment 6 to segment 12 ; this 

 band on 7-9 bordered by rose-brown stretching down each side on 

 segment 9 ; the dorsal process of 5 has a brown-rose band from its base down 

 each side to behind spiracles ; processes on 6, 10 (dorsal) are green at their 

 bases, yellowish above and red at tips and are nearly 3 mm. in length. 

 The ground-colour may also be rose-red — it depends upon whether the 

 larva is feeding on green leaves or red ones, or green or red flowers. L: 

 17 mm ; B : 4 mm without the processes. 



Pupa. — (PI. II, fig. 27a). This is also of the tyj)e of those of Tajuria 

 cippus or Creon cleobis. The head bowed ventrally, hidden from above by 

 segment 2 ; the frons rather prominent, rounded. Segment 2 is a rather 

 broad, transversely convex band or piece, rounded in front outline, with 

 a straight posterior margin except for a shallow wave forwards in dorsal 

 line ; it is 2/3rds as long as broad and inclined at an angle of 45° to the 

 plane of the head-frons and 30^^ to the longitudinal axis of the front half 

 of pupa ; the thorax is of ordinary length, is prominently humped, smooth, 

 the hinder margin with its two halves meeting at a right angle in the 

 dorsal line ; each half again meeting the wings in a widely rounded, deep 

 angle of about 60° ; segment 4 dorsally flat and parallel to the plane 

 through the spiracular lines at that point ; segment 5 ascends to segment 

 6 which is again humped in the middle ; here the pupal axis is suddenly 

 bent at nearly a right angle to that of segments 1-5 and the body gradually 

 becomes thinner in diameter to the hinder margin of segment 9, then 

 remains perfectly cylindrical to the end, segments 10-14 forming a sort 

 of thick stalk longer in some pupne than in others, segments 12-14 being 

 cut away ventrally obliquely to form the attachment surface ; ventrally 

 the angle of the bend is at the ends of the wings : at segment-margin 8/9 

 that is, but even here the angle is rounded and not sharp ; the dorsal line 

 of segments 6-14 is quite straight as is the ventral line of 1-8 and the 

 continuing line of 9-14 ; laterally the outline is from shoulders to 

 segment 6 nearly parallel ; the sides converging thence to anal end ; the 

 last segment dilated, horse-hoof-shaped. The surface of the pupa is shining, 

 minutely, irregularly and shallowly creased with short, lowly-conical, 

 paired tubercular unevennesses on segments 6-9 and some further, minute 

 warts on the coloured band of the same segments ; segment-margins 8, 9 

 are bevilled, the posterior one of segment 8 much more than the front one 

 of 9 and suddenly raised above it dorsally. Spiracles of segment 2 are 

 small, oval, raised, light brown or whitish in colour ; the rest are roundish, 

 small, raised, similarly coloured. Colour of pupa is ordinarily grass-green ; 



