766 JOURNAL, BOMBAY NATURAL HIST. SOCIETY, Vol. XXVI. 



of larva is pitted minutely and rather deeply all over, also finely corrugated 

 into the bargain and clothed with minute, white tubercles ; otherwise shining 

 and quite naked. Spiracles are situated in depressions, raised in themselves, 

 circular in shape and white in colour. The colour of the larva is greenish- 

 yellow, rather soiled, suffused with dull rose on the sides of segment 2 and 

 segment 14 ; ventrum dull rose. The colour may be more green than rose or 

 more rose than green. The thickened dorsoventral flange is deeply indented 

 on its ventral surface. L : 19 mm; B: 4"5 mm. 



Pupa. — Has, at first sight, the appearance of being normal in shape, but 

 the anal end is hoof-shaped though not very prominently so ; and there 

 is only the tail attachment (the shape and style is very like those of Cheritra 

 jaffra) ; the head is hidden under segment 2 ; segment 2 is semi-circular 

 in front, very convex transversely, the dorsal line in the same plane as the 

 front slope of the thorax although the front margin is rather minutely 

 suddenly higher than the posterior margin of segment 2 ; thorax convex- 

 humped, slightly carinated in the dorsal line ; the constriction is slight ; 

 the pupa is broadest at segments 3 (shoulders) to segment 6, highest at 

 the thoracic apex although the height at segment 6 is nearly as great ; 

 tran^iverse section of the abdomen is all but circular ; the anal segment is 

 horse-hoof-shaped ; and the ventral portions of segments 12-14 lie flat 

 on the attachment surface. Surface slightly shining, slightly minutely 

 roughened, quite naked, rugose on the dorsal abdominal band. Spiracles 

 of segment 2 oval, dull enamel-white, convex, of ordinary size ; others longly 

 oval, white, on raised green broadly oval swellings Colour of pupa green; 

 margins of segments 3-5 along the wing-lines lined with black ; front and 

 back of thorax suffused black ; dorsum of abdomen greyish-brown with the 

 sides by the wings tinged with rose-colour ; wings suffused blackish out- 

 wardly. L : 15mm ; B : 4mm ; H: 45mm. 



Habits. — The eggs are laid on the young shoots that spring out 

 of the ground to the height of several feet before any leaves develop ; 

 also on the leaf-buds later on before the leaves expand ; one at a 

 time though there may be several on the same shoot. The larvae 

 resemble, in the most astonishingly accurate manner, the leaf-buds 

 at the nodes of the shoots a^id thus escape notice as they take advantage 

 of that resemblance and lie closely applied alojig the shoots. The 

 pupa is formed also along the stem with only the tail-attachment 

 closely applied along ventrum. The caterpillar is invariably attended 

 by ants, the red, biting species with pugnacious, aggressive habits, 

 (Ecophylla smaragdina. The pupa less so. When the caterpillar 

 is violently disturbed it hardens itself and becomes rigid and falls, 

 though, as a rule, it is very firmly seated and is not easily shaken 

 off. The butterfly haunts the underwood in the jungles and does 

 not venture into the open except for very short distances at a time 

 and then only, when in transit from one jungle to another or one 

 bit of jungle to another. Tt keeps mostly low down and does not 

 lly high. It is generally seen about the foodplants especially at 

 the beginning of the rains and end of the hot weather in Kanara 

 when the shoots of Smilax the foodplant are coming up everywhere 

 from the roots that have lain practically dormant during the 

 months of January to May. It has rather a strong flight, some- 

 what "jigging," in triangular curves and never flies far; it 



