academy of sciences] MEANS OF SUBSISTENCE 81 



NO. 1) 



OTHER VARIETIES OF TRAPS 



Bamboo caltrops are sharp bamboo slats 49 between 2 and 3 feet long set in the ground, 

 usually at an angle of about 45° in places where the wild boar have to make a descent. It is 

 not a very successful contrivance, as these animals are endowed with such extraordinary sight 

 and scent. 



The pa-yu-pa-yu trap consists of a set of bamboo slats as described above, set on each side of 

 a pig trail, and of a good-sized log held in a slanting position by a trigger. When released by the 

 boar, the log falls down behind him, and, by the sudden noise, frightens him and causes him to 

 jump into the bamboo spikes. 



The pitfall 60 is little used. It consists of a hole large enough for a wild boar or deer, care- 

 full} 7 covered so as to deceive the animal The bottom bristles with sharp bamboo stakes. 



The monkey spring trap 61 is on the style of the bamboo spear trap described above but is 

 much smaller, being set on the branch of a tree without any attempt at concealment. The poor, 

 simple-minded monkey, on catching sight of the bait, walks up innocently, seizes it, and is 

 wounded by the spear. He does not travel far after that, for monkeys succumb quickly to a 

 wound. 



An ordinary noose trap 62 consists of a string with a piece of wood bent back and held in 

 position by a trigger. When the trigger is released, the bent piece of wood draws up the noose 

 tight on the bird's leg. It is used for catching wild pigeons, jungle fowl, and other birds. 



The circle of nooses M is a series of rattan nooses placed around a decoy cock. This bird, 

 by his lusty crowing, challenges his wild fellows to fight. When the fight begins the champion 

 of the woods soon finds his feet enmeshed in the nooses, and within a short time his whole body 

 safely lodged in the trapper's carrying basket. 



FISHING 



The Manobo fishes more than he hunts, yet he can by no manner of means be said to be an 

 incessant fisherman. The following are the methods commonly employed for catching fish. 



SHOOTING WITH BOW AND ARROW 



In shooting fish an arrow 64 that has a detachable head is used. The fisherman conceals 

 himself in a tree or on the bank of a stream or lake, and upon spying the fish lets fly a two- 

 pronged arrow which has a steel or iron point. 



This method is in universal use in the lake region of the Agusan Valley and in rivers which 

 are too deep for other methods, especially during floods, when the fish roam around over the 

 inundated land. It is ordinarily not attended with great success, three or four fish being an 

 average day's catch. The common catfish, called daldg in Manila, is the ordinary victim, other 

 species being rare victims to the arrow. 



FISHING WITH HOOK AND LINE 



The hook 66 is a stout one and is made out of the iron handle of the ordinary kerosene can 

 or out of a piece of brass wire of similar size. It is attached to a substantial abakd cord, 66 45 

 meters long, more or less. A piece of lead or a stone for sinker and a suitable bait complete 

 the outfit. The fish caught with this apparatus are the swordfish 67 and the sawfish. The 

 fisherman seats himself in his boat or on a sand bank, and with the line tied to his foot or to his 

 arm awaits a bite. He immediately pulls in his victim, never giving him a chance to tire him- 

 self out as our fishermen do. Of course the fish is always pulled upstream. 



< s Pa-dug-pa. w BdQ'-ai. 



" Tu-ki-bung. «• Kauad. 



«■ Purkit. » Ha-pon. 



" Lit'-nf). « Ta-qi-han 

 » Ka-li-<u. 



