acadsmy of sconces] GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF MANOBO RELIGION 191 



GODS OF GORE AND RAGE 



(1) Tagbusau, a category of sanguinary gods who delight in blood and who incite their 

 chosen favorites, the bagdni or warrior chiefs, to bloodshed and revenge, and ordinary laymen to 

 acts of violence and madness. 



(2) Panalyang, a class of fierce deities related by ties of kinship, and subordinate to the 

 tagbusau or gods of gore. Their special function seems to be to drive men to madness. 8 



(3) Pamdiya, retainers of the tagbusau, and their emissaries, when it is desired to incite 

 men to acts of rage. 



MALIGNANT AND DANGEROUS SPIRITS 



Bu-sau, an order of insatiable fiends, who, with some exceptions, occupy themselves wan- 

 tonly in the destruction of human kind. The following are some of the classes and individuals 

 who are commonly believed in but who, unlike most of the other busau, are not of a perfidious 

 nature unless aroused to anger. 



(1) Tag-bdnua, a class of spirits who are not unkind, if duly respected, and who live in all 

 silent and gloomy places. 



(2) Tdme, a gigantic spirit, that dwells in the untraveled jungle and beguiles the traveler 

 to his doom. 



(3) Ddgau, a mischievous, fickle spirit that delights in stealing the rice from the granary. 

 If aroused to anger she may cause a failure of the rice crop. 9 



(4) Anit or Anltan, is the spirit of the thunderbolt, and one of the mightier class of spirits 

 that dwell in the upper sky world. 10 



(5) Epidemic demons, who hail from the extremity of the world at the navel u of the ocean. 



AGRICULTURAL GODDESSES 



(1) Kakiddan, the goddess of the rice, and its custodian during its growth. 



(2) Tagamdling, the goddess of other crops. 



(3) Taphdgan, the harvest goddess, and guardian of the rice during its storage in the granary. 



GIANT SPIRITS 



(1) Mandayangan, a harmless humanlike giant whose home is in the far-off mountain forests. 



(2) Apila, an innocuous humanlike giant, the rival of Mandayanngan for the wrestling 

 championship. 



(3) Tdme, the giant demon referred to above. 



GODS OF LUST AND CONSANGUINEOUS LOVE 



(1) Tagabdyau, a dangerous goddess, that incites'to consanguineous love and marriage. 



(2) Agkui, half diudta, half busau, who urges men to consanguineous love and to sexual 

 excesses. 



SPIRITS OF CELESTIAL PHENOMENA 



(1) Inaiyau, an empyrean god, the wielder of the thunderbolt and the lightning, and the 

 manipulator of the winds and storms. 



(2) Tagbdnua, who, besides being local gods reigning over the forest, have the power to 

 produce rain. 



(3) Umouiul, the cloud spirit. 



1 They are called ma ka-ydng-ug, i. e.,"can make mad." 



' She is called also Ma-ka-bin-ta-idi, i. e., "can cause hunger." 



■ ln-ug4u-han. 



u Pdt'-ud to dd-gat. « 



