academy of Sciences] MORPHOLOGY AND SYNTAX 71 



No. 2] 



'i or {'from 'i'yq stone, rock; — 'igu'ga whetstone; — 'izu'za, '{zu'za grindstone; — 'im.ni'ia great rock, high 

 cliff; — 'isuni'la pebbles, (swu'la fine); — 'ih'e' place full of small stones (h'eh'e' ragged); — 'ih'e- 

 oiyuwege Rocky Ford (place name); — 'ih'e'-pahala Little Rocky Hills (place name) 



wi or w\ from w\'yq woman; — wio'k'iya to court a woman; — winu'na first-born child, if a girl (Santee) ; — 

 ivinu'hca old woman; — wikte to beat a wife (kte to kill); — ii'i'kle to act like a woman, hermaphro- 

 dite; — wii'c'uwa love medicine (means of pursuing woman); — wii'lowq to sing about woman 



wi tipi; — wio'wa a painted tent, ceremonial tipi; — wihu'ta base of tipi; — wihi'paspe tipi pegs holding 

 down cover (h\ paspa<ihu-i' paspa, paspa' to push into); — wip'a' tipi flaps; — wic'e'ska chest of tipi, 

 part over doorway; — wipa't'a to cut and sew a tipi cover; — wip'i paha flap pole; — wi'yapahice 

 rear center pole (pahi'ca to arouse by pushing) 



wic'a' human being; — wic'a'sa man; — used with all parts of body when it is necessary that part of a 

 human body is meant (wic'a p'aha scalp); — wic'a'c'qte human heart; — also in other cases it dis- 

 tinguishes humans from other beings: wic'o 'waste it is good for humans (wo' waste goodness); — 

 wic'a' h%ku mother of humans (see p. 131) 



wo- food; — wo'yuie food; — wo' (wa)k'u I give food; — wo'aya to take food to a guest; — wo'(wa)la (I) 

 ask for food 



hq night, from hqhe'pi: — hqya'guka to dry by night (yagu'ka to suck out with mouth); — hqye'lu night 

 time; — hqo'kpaza dark night ('oi'yokpaza it is dark); — hqwa'lohql some time at night; — hqwa'c'i 

 to dance at night; — hqwi' moon (in mythology); — hqwi yqpa moonlight Cqpa' daylight); — (hqb.le' 

 to quest) 91 ; — hqo'mani to walk at night, hqma'ni to be puzzled, "in the dark" about something; — 

 hq t'ahe'na before the end of night; — hqsi'l-kikta to wake up from a nightmare (si' ca bad; kikla' 

 to sit up from a reclining position); — o'hqzi shadow, shade (zi' yellow); — hqki'kta to watch al 

 night, hqki'ktaka an early riser; — hqk'o'kp'a to be afraid of the dark (k'oki'p'a to fear); — 1 

 hqc'o'kaya midnight 



he louse, from he'ya; — hei'cak'q fine-toothed comb (kak'q to knock down small objects); — hezq zqla 

 nits (zqzq'la translucent, light-colored) 



ho a circle;' — ho'c'oka the inner area of the camp circle; — hola'zatu outside (behind) the camp circle; — 

 howo'kaw\htu track around the camp circle, parade track (place of turning around camp circle); — 

 hoc'e'ta the opening of the camp circled buffalo surround (S) ; — ho% kpa or hu' kpa the "tips" of the 

 camp circle, next to the entrance; — hii'kpat'i the Yanktonnais who lived at the entrance to the 

 camp circle; — hu'kpap'aya Hunkpapa 



ho fish, from hogq : — hoa'pe fins; — hoi'yupsice fish hook; — hoi'c'uwa fishing net; — hoyu ze to lift fish 

 out of water ''from ze- to dangle); — hoiva'b.luska eel; — howa'sapa catfish (wa, 'a on, sa'pa black) ; — 

 howa'k'q spotted pike; — hohu' fish bone; — hohu'ka old fish (Santee); — hopa't'a to use a net; — 

 ho pa' sku (hoka sk u S) scales; — hot'e'ca dead fish; — hozi'zila perch; — hoc'e'spu scales; — hona untkala 

 tadpole; — hoka' pike; — hok'u'wa to fish 



ma- one of the fundamental regions of the world? mak'a' earth; —mahpi'ya sky, clouds (hpi to dangle); 

 'ama'hpiya clouds (S) ; — maya cliff; — mahi' flint (earth tooth); — matka' clay (tka old form for 

 heavy); — mal'e'te edge of cliff; — mac'a m * dawn; — ma ga field; — ma ni to walk; — maste' it is good 

 weather (-ste good); — maga zu rain; — ma' za metal; — (perhaps also m.ni<^mani water, from ni 

 to be alive?) 



mi knife, from mi'la; — mi'yog.liye whetstone; — mi'yozuha knife case; — mi'yuksiza jack knife; — mi'wak'q 

 sword; — mi'p'aksa stubby knife; — mi'p'isla knife with rounded point; — mi'p'estola butcher 

 knife; — mig.na'ka to carry in belt (originally to carry knife in belt?) 



t'a ruminant (does not occur as independent noun) with all parts of body (see effect on terminal a 

 p. 34); — t'ap'i' liver of ruminant; — t'a'b.lo nb foreleg of ruminant, including shoulder; — t'aha' 

 dressed skin; — Vaha'lo green hide; — Vahu'ka heavy rawhide; — Vaho'm.ni hoop for drying skin; — 

 t'at'q'ka buffalo bull; — t'awi'yela female deer; — t'azi' buffalo calf (tawny ruminant) 



t'q body, from Vqc'q ; — it'q'troksq around (living body), Cqc'o'la without wraps, — t'q'nicela gnat (little 

 one without body); — t'qza'ni to have a healthy body; — t'q'lqhq with reference to 



t'i tipi; — Vima'hetu it is inside; — dole to search for a house (to beg); — t'ica'ga to put up a tipi 



si foot (siha' Santee); — siye'te heel; — siyo'kaza tarsals; — siyo'h'ape arch of foot; — sio'ko interstices 

 between toes; — sip'a' toes; — sii'yut'e moccasin pattern; — sii'takaha top part of moccasin 



c'a fine dry material; — c'ata' cinders; — c'asmu sand; — c'aho'ta ashes (ho'ta grey); — c'ahli' gun powder 



c*o central part, kernel (does not occur as independent noun);- — c'oni'c'a the living flesh; — c'oka' mid- 

 dle; — c'oka'ya in a middle course; — c'oka'ta in the center; — c'ok'u inner flesh of body; — c'ogi' 

 pith; — c'ohwq'zica small willows 



k*e turtle, fiom k'e'ya; — k'eha' turtle shell (Santee); — k'ewo'yuspa snapping turtle (oyu'spa to hold on 

 to); — k'enu'nuza soft shell turtle (instead of k'enu'snuza); — k'eg.le' zela striped-back turtle 



na scalp region, from nala ; — nawa'te temples; — nasu'la brains; — nazu'te nape of neck; — nakpa' external 

 ear 



81 i(wq')hqb.la I dream about it; hq{wa')b.le I quest for a vision. 



>'» Accent doubtful. 



'^t'a-ab.lo'. 



