100 



DAKOTA GRAMMAR 



[Memoirs National 

 [Vol. XXIII, 



From this transitive forms are derived: 



'ic'im-qga or 'ic'i'yqga I question thee about it 

 'ima yan-qga you question me about it 

 '%ki ' niyqgapi we question thee about it 

 Also 'imi'c'iymja I question myself about it 



'iwe' ci?n-qga or 'iwe'ciyqga, Hye'cinqga or 'iye' ' ciyx{ga, 'iki'ciyqga, 'uki' ciyqga to question about it in place 

 of someone; 'ic'i'ciytiga I ask about it on your behalf 



heyy,' to tie a bundle 



hemti, henif.' , heyy,' , heu'yij. (S; heu'k'vl T) 



§ 126. yu'ta To Eat 



wa'ta, ya'ta, yu'ta, 'i^yu'ia to eat 



c'iyu'ta I eat thee, niyu'ta he eats thee, 'ipti'yuta, we eat thee, maya'luta thou eatest me (double pronoun), 



mayu'ta he eats me, \yu'ta he eats us; — wic'a'wata, wic'a'yata, wic'a'yuta, wic'% yuta to eat several 



persons; — g.lu'ta he eats his own, 'ig.lu'ta he eats himself 



§ 127. Causative Verbs in -ya and k'iya 

 causative verbs in -ya 



This verb occurs only as a suffix. Instead of the forms b.la and la for the first and second 

 persons, we find waya and yaya. 



They aspirate the ki for the first dative. The second dative is divided into two forms. The 

 form "instead of, in place of" inserts after kid another aspirate c'i (<Ck'i); the form "on his 

 initiative" has the usual form. At present the 2d dative 6 is obsolescent. It seems likely that 

 the 1st dative and the 2d dative (a) are derived from — k'iya, not from — ya (see below) 



Examples: 



'ina' iiwak'iya I cause him to stand up; 'ina' ' z\wecic'iya I make it stand up in his place, with his sanction; 

 'ina z{c'icic'iya I — in your place, with your sanction, ((c'i) -thee; -cic'iya) 



causative verbs in -k'iya 



With neutral verbs and datives -k'iya and -ya may be used in combination, and -k'iya may 

 appear twice in the same verb, the first part of which takes a subordinate form retaining the 

 object: 



sapma' k'iya he causes mine to be black without my sanction 



sapma' k'iyewaya I am the unintentional cause of his causing mine to be black without my sanction 



sapk'i yemayak'iya you cause me to cause his to be black without his sanction 



sapni cic'iyewak'iya I cause him to cause yours to be black with your sanction 



iki' ciyukcqmayak'iya you made me think about it for him 



ini ciyukcqmak' iya ] , , .,. , , , ., . 



. .., . , , , . } he made me think about it for you 



ic i ciyukcqmak iya\ 



