academy of bcihcm] MORPHOLOGY AND SYNTAX 117 



1. V V idiomatic: instead: 



he' 'ayustq nq V V ska'ta yd leave off doing that and instead play! — V V he'ktakiya 'a'yapi instead they 

 took it back 262.7; — he' V mak'u wo' give me that instead!; — kd V 'ag.ld yd take that home 

 instead (kd 'ag.ld yd take that home); — he' V wdwicake' that instead (of another statement) is 

 the truth; — iukte' V 'iwdcukta he? which one shall I take instead (of some other one); — miye' V 

 wahte' malasnV he dislikes me (in contrast to another one whom he likes) 32 



When followed by c'a it being so, the forms with le', he' express "that is the one": 



he' V c'a pq'-ho-uya ke' that is the one who sent out his voice aloud 263.2 (he' 'e da would mean: that 

 is the one — ); — he' V c'a waka'l 'iydkaska 'upapi' that was the one whom they had laid up there 

 tied up 134.14 



2. Icya, leyas (adv.) contrary to expectation; lit. it being this way: 



yuk'q leya t'ak'o'laku . . . then unexpectedly it was his friend 134.13; — leyas c'q-wq'kal yoke" mean- 

 while (contrary to what he thought) he was sitting on a tree 



'eyd often introduces speeches 



'eyd s (accented) sufficient: 'eyd s wand hena'keca' that is enough now; — 'eyd s hq'skeya ka'gapi' it is 

 made long enough 



'eyas (unaccented) as you know, with terminal k'^q: 'eyas wama'loteteka c'as slolya'ye c'% as you know 

 I am fond of food 12.12; eyas he'c'etu k'lf, you know it was thus 



3. leyalaka more emphatic than leya; synonyms 'ehq'k'%, 'ehq'ke c'%: 



leydlaka he' t'okd p'a k\ k'dpi nq in reality they meant the eldest one 203.4; — k'oska'laka k\ 'i's leya*- 

 laka hehqhwidyq ot'i'wota k\ 'e'l 'd the aforesaid youth, he on his part as a matter of fact all the 

 while up to that time in the deserted camp stayed there 227.13; — yuk'q leya"laka, he' wak{' yq- 

 wic'a^sa and then actually, that was a Thunder Man 179.11 



Nos. 4-13 of the preceding list (p. 116) are derived from hq, originally "to stand," but used 

 in Teton also to express the continuative (see p. 104). For this reason they designate primarily 

 time, although in many cases the usage has come to be uncertain. A few derivatives are employed 

 to express extent in space. 



As continuative we have (see p. 104): 



'i'se' ka'k'iya wqka'ta zitka'la wq 'oki'yqhq just yonder away from you above a bird is flying in there, 

 146.10; — he'c'es sak'i'p ya'hqpi so together they were going 147.3 



4. 'ehq': 



'eyd mahpi'ya nq mak'd k\ lend t'oka'-kagapi k'% he' 'ehq' mat'dpe Id well, the sky and earth these 

 were first made, that during that period I was born 1.12-2.1; — 'ehq occurs without preceding 

 demonstratives in such forms as 'ehq'k'y, (synonym of No. 3 leydlaka), ' ehq k' ehq (<Cehq' -k'%-ehq') 

 in olden times, erstwhile 



The demonstratives are either independent or contracted with hq which does not change to 



he (see p. 32) 

 With 'ehq': le' 'ehq' or le'hq' at this time 



he' 'ehq' or he'hq' at that time 



ka' 'ehq' at that tune 



to'hq at some time past, when? once upon a time 



li'la 'ehq'ni k'% he'hq' very long ago, it was at that time 156.16; — mak'd 'akq'l 'dpi k'-q he'hq on the 

 earth they existed, at that time it was 2.14; — 'i'ya le'c'el kte'pisni k'u he'hq li'la 'oya'te 'o'ta t'epwi'- 

 c'aya sk'e" Iya in this manner they had not killed at that time very many people he had swallowed 

 (i. e., before they had killed Iya he had swallowed many people) 105.19 



le'hq apparently used for space, has been found in one phrase: 



U'i- le'hqlici my I how tall (you have grown) ! (w. sp.) 



32 See the customary greeting: tokc'he' niye' so? is it you? 



162236°— 41- 



