Academy of Sciences] MORPHOLOGY AND SYNTAX 127 



And numerous other objects, many of European introduction: 



'i'yohqzi parasol ma zaska' -ozu"ha purse 



Hyu'sloke key mi'yog.las'% mirror 



wi'yowa pencil m.nihu hak'ak'aka paper 



ui paskiskite wash board c'qi'wakse saw 



wo'wapi book c'qi' pak(ze violin 



hai pazaza soap c'qwi'pasise clothespin 



hahu ta-'iya pehqpi spool of thread c'if,'w\za-a.kahpe rug 



mas-'i'yap'e hammer nazy/spe ax 

 ma' zaska money 



Clothing: 



'o'g.le coat hi^yak'% socks 



wana'p'i necklace nap\kpa gloves 



wap'o'slq hat napsi' yotili ring 

 hq'pa shoes 



Examples of the use of hq: 



'oyii'ke bed m.ni' water (in container) 



'oCi'wota abandoned campsite m.ni'yatke cup 



wasif,' smoke hole t'iyo'pa door 



waksi'ca plate t'i'pi tent (when standing) 



wic'a'Rapi grave c'q' tree 



wi'g.mnke trap c'qhu'la stump of tree 



ma' ' za ivak'q' gun, except when lying c'e'ga kettle 



All objects that must stand upright on a natural base, like a trunk, a tumbler, a clock, etc. ; 

 but also — 



'asq'pi milk (probably because always in a container) 



Examples of use of na'z\. All animals standing are used with nq'zi; also machines that can 

 move and stand upright. 



'iye'c'ika-jyqka automobile 

 Rema'ni train 



Examples of use of yuka': 



wa'ta boat (a skiff yqkq') mak'a' land (as a whole) 



wakpa river (also hpa'ya) c'qku road (also hpa'ya) 



wakpa'la creek (also hpa'ya) 



Everything lying stretched out long belongs to this group. 



Examples of hpa'ya to lie: 



wakpa' river (also y%ka') c*eya' kt\pi bridge 



wakpa'la creek (also yuka') zuze'ca snake 



c'qku' road (also yqka') 



Examples of hiye'ya plural for yqka': 



he'l 'i'yq-t'qkt'q^ka 'o'ta hiye'ye' many large stones lie there (scattered) 



waya'hota single grains of oats 



'oya'te if thought of as tribes, not as living individuals 



§ 159-162. POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS 



§ 159. General Remarks 



Tne possessive pronouns are prefixes and correspond to the objective personal pronouns. 



my mi-, ma- 



thy, your ni- 



his — 



our '%-, \ki- 



