Academy of Sciences 

 No. 3] 



MEASUREMENTS 



51 



LOWER FACIAL HEIGHT 



This is the height from the lowest median point on the chin to the nasion, a point in the 

 living over that at which the nasal suture joins the frontonasal in the skull. 34 It is the height of 

 the facial parts proper, i. e., of the face less the forehead. The measurement was practicable 

 on all the members of the Academy, for though some have lost their teeth these were replaced 

 by artificial dentures that restored the parts close to normal. It is essentially the measurement 

 of the combined height of the jaws. It gave the results shown in tables 40 and 41: 



Table 40. — Height of face to nasion (menton-nasion) 



Members of the Academy 



Old Americans 



Not old Americans 



Old Americans 

 at large (except 

 mountaineers) 



Subjects 



Average 



Minimum 



Maximum 



Range of variation in percentage of the average 



a 



CV 



100 



12. 07 ±0. 050 



10. 4 



14.2 



SI. 48 



0. 735 ±0. 035 



6. 07 ±0. 29 



50 



12. 06 ±0.058 



10. 8 



13.6 



23. 22 



0. 605 ±0.041 



4. 99 ±0. 34 



594 



12. 19 



10.3 



14. 1 

 SO. 69 



DISTRIBUTION 



11.3-11.7 



11. 8-12. 2 



12.3-12.7 



12. 8-13. 2 



13. 3-13. 7 



Old Americans (100) 



Not old Americans (50), 



Percent 



3 



Percent 

 20 

 16 



Percent 



30 

 38 



Percent 



18 

 22 



Percent 



15 

 12 



Percent 

 4 

 4 



Percent 

 2 



MENTON-NASION HEIGHT AND AOE 



Members of the Academy 



Old Americans 



Not old Americans 



Old Americans 

 at large (except 

 mountaineers) 



Subjects to 60 years of age, inclusive 



Average 



a 



CV 



Over 60 years of age 



Average 



<r 



CV 



60 



12. 13 ±0.065 



0. 751±0. 046 



6. 18 ±0.38 



40 



12. 02 ±0.075 



0.707 ±0.053 



5. 88 ±0.44 



22 



12. 30 ±0.078 

 0.543 ±0.055 



4. 38 ±0.45 



28 



11. 93 ±0.074 



0. 578 ±0. 052 



4. 85 ±0. 44 



594 

 12. 19 



The lower or anatomical facial height is seen to be quite variable. In the more aged acad- 

 emicians, notwithstanding artificial dentures, it has evidently suffered some reduction. Even 

 in those up to 60 years of age only, in the old American members, it is a trace lower than in the 

 old Americans at large. In the members of more recent derivation, up to 60, the face is slightly 

 higher, but this may be accidental, for when all the members of each group are taken together 

 the lower facial height in the two classes of members is nearly equal. 



a* The nasion in the living in all the writer's work is located at the point of the closest possible correspondence to the nasion in the skull, the 

 procedure being based on a thorough acquaintance with the latter. 



