ACADEMT OF SCIENCES] 

 NO. 3] 



MEASUREMENTS 



53 



The last figures in table 41 show the lower facial height in relation to stature in subjects to 

 60 years of age, inclusive. The old Americans of the Academy show a slightly lower relative 

 value. The slightly opposite showing of the not old American members, if not fortuitous, 

 could be ascribed to either somewhat differing racial or ontogenetic conditions. 



When compared with the same measurements in 12 of the immigrant groups to the United 

 States, the lower facial height of the academicians is seen to differ less from the European new- 

 comers than does the facial breadth. The mean percental relation of the menton-nasion height 

 to stature ranged in the immigrants from 6.76 to 7.18; 5 of the 12 groups, including the English, 

 exceeding, 7 not quite equaling, those of the Academy. Matters in these respects are rather 

 complex and incapable as yet of a full elucidation. 



THE LOWER OR ANATOMICAL FACIAL INDEX 



This index expresses the percental relation of the lower or anatomical facial height to facial 



_. ul / menton-nasion diameterXlOO \ T _ , , i_.i_.i___. 



breadth ( -r-. — r. T . = ). Its value is marred somewhat t>v the enect on 



\ diameter bizygomatic maximum/ J 



facial length of stature and on facial breadth of the breadth of the head, nevertheless it is a 

 fairly useful determination. The academicians in this line show as follows: 



Table 42. — Lower or anatomical facial index ' 



Members of the Academy 



Old Americans 



Not old Americans 



Old Americans 

 at large (except 

 mountaineers) 



Subjects 



Average 



Minimum 



Maximum 



Range of variation in percentage of the average 

 a 



cv 



100 



86. 45 ±0. 36 



72. 73 



100.0 



31. 54 



5. 31 ± 0. 25 



6. 13 ±0. 29 



50 



85. 31 ±0. 53 



75. 52 



99. 26 



27. 83 



5. 52 ±0. 37 



6. 46 ± 0. 44 



594 



87. 73 



73. 3 



100. 



SO. 43 



DISTRIBUTION 



72. 73- 

 73.49 



73.5- 

 76.49 



76.5- 

 79.49 



79.5- 

 82.49 



82.5- 

 85.49 



85.5- 



S-, 19 



88.5- 

 91.49 



91.5- 

 94.49 



94.5- 

 97.49 



97.5- 

 100 



Old Americans (100) 



Not old Americans (50). 



Percent 

 1 



17 

 26 



Percent 



23 



16 



Percent 



19 

 18 



Percent 



16 

 18 



Percent 



14 

 6 



Percent 



3 



4 



LOWER FACIAL INDEX AND AGE 



Members of the Academy 



Old Americans 



Not old Americans 



Old Americans 

 at large (except 

 mountaineers) 



Subjects to 60 years of age, inclusive 



Average 



_■ 



CV 



Over 60 years of age 



Average 



O" 



CV 



60 



87. 24 ±0. 44 



5. 10 ±0. 31 



5. 83 ±0. 36 



40 



85. 50 ±0. 57 



5. 37 ±0.40 



6. 28 ±0. 47 



22 

 87. 38 ±0. 79 



5. 49 ±0. 56 



6. 26 ±0. 64 



28 

 83. 79 ±0.62 



4. 88 ±0. 44 



5. 82 ±0. 52 



594 

 87. 73 



1 See the following equation: 



Menton-nasion heigbtXIOO 

 Diameter bizygomatic maximum 



