THE BAUMl^. HYDROMETERS. 



69 



It should bi^ remarked that in tlie above table tlie iininber by Raiidiii was obtained by weij^li- 

 ing tlie sohition at 15° centigrade instead of 12.5, and Oerlaeli's result was obtained by weighing 

 at 14° centigrade, and calculating what the specitic gravity wouhl be at 15° centigrade in vacuo. 



Franconir determined his si)ecific gravity at the niaxiinnni density of water. 



Xone of these determinations were rejected, however, in making up tlie table, as the nnmlicrs 

 are so nearly alike. We may fairly assume that the average is practically 1.1119. 



Table IV exhibits a scale which has been carefully calculated by Mr. Wiechmann from the 

 actual average as given on Table III, by the formuhe 



Pxd 

 'P-1 



P= 



n—d 



fn which P=tlie specific gravity; (/ = the Bauiui? degree; n=the modulus. 



Table IV. — Vabtr of decrees Bannu' calculdfaJ from ()° — \, and ir)°=:l.ll 189SS ht/ the modidiis 

 14y.049()!(, till- i:tj)i'rimriit(il irork hiiriiuj been conducted in exact accordance witli Haum^^n original 

 directions. 



[Temperature 10° R. =12.5° C.=54.5'^ F.] 



Baiiiiie 

 degiees. 



Spec! He 

 aravitv. 



Baume Specitic 

 ilegrees. j gravity. 



10 



11 



12 

 i:i 



14 



ir. 



U) 

 17 

 L« 

 lit 



Baume 

 degrees. 



39 

 40 

 41 

 42 

 43 

 44 

 45 

 46 

 47 

 48 

 49 

 .50 

 51 

 52 

 53 

 54 

 55 

 56 



Specific 

 gravity. 



1.35438 

 1. 36680 

 1. :57945 

 1. 39234 

 1. 40547 

 1.41885 

 1.43248 

 1. 44638 

 1. 46056 

 1. 47501 

 1.48975 

 1.50479 

 1. 52014 

 1. 535S0 

 1.55179 

 1. .56812 

 1. .58479 

 1. 60182 

 1. 6Ut23 



Banm^ 

 degrees. 



Specific' 

 gravity. 



58 

 59 

 60 

 61 

 62 

 63 

 64 

 65 

 66 

 67 

 68 

 69 

 70 

 71 

 72 

 73 

 74 

 75 

 76 



63701 

 65519 

 67378 

 (19279 

 71223 

 73213 

 75250 

 77335 

 79470 

 816,57 

 83899 

 86196 

 88551 

 90967 

 93446 

 95989 

 98601 

 01283 

 04038 



It will be .seen by comparing Table IV with Table I that this scale corresponds most closely 

 with No. 20, which is entitled "Bauine's original scale," and which was calculated by Gerlach iu 

 1870 — Dingler's Pol. J., vol. 198, 314 — and was based upon the specific gravity 1.11146 for the 15 

 jier cent, salt solution. The observation, however, was made at 14° centigrade and was then cal- 

 culated for 152 centigrade in vacuo, while Baume's directions are to use a 15 per cent, salt solution 

 at 10° Reaumur iu the atmosphere. It will be seen that neither this nor any other of the twenty- 

 three scales published in Table I has been obtained by strictly following Bauine's directions. 



SCAX.BS FOR LIQUIDS LIGHTER THAN WATER. 



For the purpose of a.scertaining the exact value of Baume's degrees lor liquids lighter than 

 water, three 10 per cent, salt solutions were carefully prepared, using as before chemically pure 

 salt, "Solar" Syracuse salt, and Syracuse "Factory-filled dairy salt." The results are exhibited in 

 Table V, together with results obtained by other chemists. 



