No.i.] PSYCHOLOGICAL EXAMINING IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY. 73 



were not recalled. During later rush periods up to 3,000 men per day were examined, this 

 being the capacity of other camp examining boards. After June the psychological examina- 

 tion preceded all others except sanitary inspection and fumigation, and intelligence ratings 

 were in the hands of psychiatric and personnel officers when the men came before them. Each 

 D or E case was marked on the identification tag, which each recruit wears about his neck, 

 with his intelligence rating in red ink. The psychiatric board received a list of the E cases, 

 as a check. Disposition of cases was reported back to the psychological board. 



Late in July Lieut. Doll spent several days with the psychiatric board in an endeavor to 

 increase cooperative work, for professional adjustment here had proved more difficult than at 

 other stations. Constant readjustment of methods of clinical examining, in attempts to dis- 

 cover common standards, finally met with success in October. 



Camp Dix, during its enforced vacation in the fall of 1917, produced a great deal of valuable 

 statistical work. The reports of 1918 also show a number of important studies. We may note 

 here statistical analyses of successive draft quotas; a report on instruction in the English 

 classes and the relation of intelligence ratings thereto; a statistical study of the foreign- 

 born men in the July draft; a study on the relation of intelligence to court cases, promotions, 

 and special duty assignments, and a detailed clinical report prepared by the clinical examiner. 



Previous to April 27, 1918, the number of men and officers examined was 21,026. From 

 April 27 to the close of examining the number of enlisted men examined was 67,766; of officers, 

 2. The number of individual examinations given was 3,024. 



CAMP DODGE, IOWA. 



Lieut. Miller reported as chief examiner and Lieut. Sylvester as assistant examiner in mid- 

 April, 1918. Lieut. Van Houten, Sergts. Oppenheimer and Williams, Corps. Fenn and Hudson, 

 and Pvts. Johnson and Brockbank reported in June, Corpl. King in August. About 37 men 

 constituted the temporary detail. 



At Camp Dodge the personnel office and psychological office were in the same barracks 

 building. Psychological service occupied the second floor. Practically all of the work of the 

 staff, including group examining, was handled in the building. A few groups were examined 

 out of doors when the weather permitted. The mustering office and medical examining offices 

 were in the adjoining barracks building. 



Camp Dodge received a large negro draft. Examination alpha was given to all men who 

 had had 6 grades of schooling or could read English readily. During the alpha examination, 

 men who gave evidence of illiteracy in tests 2 or 3 or in filling out the headings were sent to beta. 

 Both groups were held, in good weather, while the blanks were scored, and failures promptly 

 given further examination. Beta procedure strictly followed the Examiner's Guide until Sep- 

 tember, when verbal instructions were developed for the negro groups which made up one- 

 fourth of the draft at Camp Dodge. 



The general scheme of examining appears in the following paragraphs from a report of 

 September 11: 



Psychological examination of recruits is given at Camp Dodge before the physical examination and before the 

 filling out of the qualification cards. The intelligence ratings are placed upon the qualification cards before the men 

 are assigned. 



The reports of the individual examinations are in the hands of the psychiatrist at the time of the general medical 

 examination. The psychiatrist's orderly indicates with black chalk the mental age on the breasts of all men whose 

 mental age is under 10 years. 



On the day that recruits report for the psychological examination they have no other examinations. As a rule 

 the physical examination of the companies occurs 24 hours after the psychological examination. This gives us ample 

 time to score and record the result of the examination. During the present draft we have been 48 hours ahead of the 

 physical examination. 



Intelligence ratings were favorably received by line officers, partly because at the outset 

 a camp order directed that all officers who had not had psychological examination should re- 

 port at once to the chief examiner for such examination. By direction of the chief of staff 

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