76 MEMOIRS NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. [vol. xv, 



as to call forth favorable comment from the inspector of personnel work. Ratings were 

 entered on qualification cards on the evening of the day they were made out, and on all service 

 records (camp order, July 21). 



Relations with all camp authorities were particularly cordial. Special psychological 

 service was in frequent request and recommendations were very generally accepted by psy- 

 chiatrist, judge advocate, and other officers. 



Number enlisted men examined, 81,341; officers, 1,888. Total individual examinations, 

 3,496. 



CAMP GREENE, N. C. 



Lieut. Chamberlain reported as chief examiner in April, 1918; Lieut. Owens reported in 

 September. Sergts. Rosenfield, Moore, Cribbs, and Sides, and Corpl. Terrell were the Green- 

 leaf trained assistants. Group examinations were conducted in Y. M. C. A. buildings near the 

 small building assigned as temporary offices for the psychological staff. 



Alpha and beta groups were separated on the basis of ability to read newspapers and write 

 letters home and of fourth grade schooling. Alpha failures were not given beta, but individual 

 examination. Thirty-eight per cent of the recruits were negroes, most of whom had to be given 

 beta and half of whom received D — . With the approval of the inspector of psychological 

 service, this condition was met by substituting a standardized five-minute interview for the 

 individual examination. On this basis negroes were recommended for combat battalions or 

 for labor battalions. 



At the receiving station, psychological examination preceded the physical, at which D 

 men were designated by the letter P plainly painted on their bodies; two psychologists on duty 

 with the psychiatrist gave individual examinations at this time and sent the mental ages at 

 once to the psychiatrist. Intelligence ratings were reported promptly to the personnel officer 

 and commanding officers, usually within 24 hours after the examination. Lack of clerical help 

 in the personnel office sometimes prevented entry of ratings on qualification cards; entry was 

 made on service records. 



The chief psychological examiner at this station was eventually put in charge of the educa- 

 tional program in the development battalion. 



Number enlisted men examined, 27,331; officers, 476. Total individual examinations, 914. 



CAMP GREENLEAF, GA. 



Examination of recruits was not the main aspect of the psychological service at Camp 

 Greenleaf. The School of Military Psychology, reported in section 2 of this chapter, took iirst 

 place. The examining staff changed continuously as its members were ordered out to other 

 stations. It was, however, the only station at which was erected a permanent building espe- 

 cially designed for the work. 



Those men were given examination alpha who could read newspapers and write letters 

 home in English, had completed the fourth grade, and had been five years in the United States. 

 All others took beta. Short scoring methods were used on both, and failures held for imme- 

 diate further examination. No recalls were possible. Until November the psychological 

 examination was the last on the recruit's program. The first inoculation for typhoid had 

 usually occurred the day before; the men had to march a mile and a half to the psychological 

 building. A psychologist was, however, in attendance during the physical examination, who 

 selected obviously low-grade cases and gave immediate individual examinations. Rejections 

 were made on these recommendations, while later discharge was hard to secure. 



Report of intelligence ratings was made within 24 hours; they were entered on service 

 records and on qualification cards (camp order, July 31). In the spring, organizations at 

 Camp Forrest were examined by the Greenleaf staff. Daily examination was made of officers 

 reporting at the Medical Officers' Training School. The psychologists here made a valuable 

 contribution toward the abbreviation of the Point Scale; they also produced a Yiddish trans- 

 lation of the Point Scale. A rapid alpha short-scoring scheme based on the number of attempts 



