no.i.] PSYCHOLOGICAL EXAMINING IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY. 77 



in tests 2 and 3 was developed. Systematic morale work had its inception at Camp Greenleaf 

 and owed much to the psychological staff. 



Number enlisted men examined, 50,011; officers, 6,086. Total individual examinations, 

 2,187. 



CAMP HANCOCK, GA. 



Lieut. Morgan reported as chief examiner in April, 191 8 ; Lieut. Hood did not report until July, 

 1918. Assistant examiners were Sergts. Williams, Kenner, Blanchette, and Borden, and Pvts. 

 Holley, Jones, and McCarthy. 



Camp examining and official work began here in a room 40 by 20 feet; later a regimental 

 infirmary was assigned for office work and individual examining. The latter building was cen- 

 trally located. 



The Ordnance training groups here were highly selected; the draft was relatively low. 

 To avoid recalls, only white men who could read and write fairly well, and had sixth grade 

 schooling, and negroes who had attended high school were given examination alpha. Short- 

 scoring methods were developed for both alpha and beta; failures from either were recalled for 

 individual examination. 



Until September the psychological examination followed the medical, but a psychologist 

 and two assistants, working with the medical board, examined cases suspected by the psychi- 

 atrist of mental deficiency and reported back the mental age found. Later, the psychological 

 examination was given first. Ratings were reported within 24 hours, entered on the qualifica- 

 tion card and, after September, on the service record. 



It was ordered at Camp Hancock that every paper having to do with promotions or demo- 

 tions must show the intelligence rating on it. The chief examiner was appointed to serve on 

 the board to examine men found unfit for overseas service. 



Number enlisted men examined, 44,052; officers, 381. Total individual examinations 

 2,210. 



CAMP HUMPHREYS, VA. 



Capt. Hayes reported as chief examiner in September, 1918. Lieuts. Paterson, Richmond, 

 and Myers were assistant examiners and also chief examiners for short periods. Sergts. Doerman, 

 Wickman, Giesel, Ream, Nau; Corpls. Perla, Josey; and Pvts. Corzine, Hines, and Schneider were 

 Greenleaf trained assistant examiners. Well-located and spacious office rooms and quarters were 

 permanently assigned the psychological staff. Line officers were favorably impressed with the 

 value of psychological service. The distinctive feature of the work at Camp Humphreys was 

 the full statistical report of the examination of each organization with distribution of intelli- 

 gence scores illustrated by graphs. These reports included comparative data from the draft as 

 a whole and enabled camp officials to appreciate differences in mental strength between organi- 

 zations as well as within their own command. An experimental combination of alpha and 

 beta tests was tried out and reported. Especially did Camp Humphreys afford opportunity, 

 which was well used, for study of intelligence qualifications of various engineering organizations. 



Number enlisted men examined, 13,192; officers, 789. Total individual examinations, 436. 



CAMP JACKSON, S. C. 



Capt. Edwards reported as chief examiner in April, 1918; his assistants were Capt. Ash 

 and Lieut. Roberts, Corpls. Pearson, Whitehead, and Zimmerly. First Sergt. Lancaster, Pvts. 

 White, Wembridge, Tea, Thorpe, Shefveland, and Chambliss of the examining staff, were also 

 Greenleaf trained men. An average of about 40 men worked on special detail with the psycho- 

 logical staff. 



The examining station was moved several times in the latter part of its work; the original 

 building was a large two-story barracks building with sufficient space for all of the activities 

 of the psychological service. 



Camp Jackson was one of the camps handling the largest number of men; the psychological 

 staff was thus forced to try out various short cuts in the examining program. Segregation for 



