90 MEMOIRS NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. [vol.xv. 



inferior intelligence made it undesirable that they accompany the division overseas. As a result of this situation, 

 which necessitated the special calling in of the psychologists, a ruling was made in this camp to the effect that no man 

 can be transferred to the Development Battalion on the ground of mental deficiency, or inaptitude, without the recom- 

 mendation of the psychological examiners. 



7. It is suggested that this whole subject is worthy of the most careful consideration by the War Department, in 

 order that instructions concerning the elimination of the mentally unfit may be modified as seems desirable, and the 

 administration of mental tests so organized and supervised by the War Department as to insure maximal value to 

 the service. 



RELATIONS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL TO PERSONNEL WORK. 



Inasmuch as the intelligence rating is an important item of personnel information, it was 

 inevitable that cooperative relations between personnel adjutants and examiners ultimately 

 should be established. The first step in this direction was the provision on the personnel quali- 

 fication card of space for the entry of intelligence ratings. For many months this entry was 

 seldom made because it had not been definitely ordered and still more because personnel adju- 

 tants had not been instructed by The Adjutant General of the Army to use intelligence ratings 

 in connection with selection and assignment. 



As the values of the results of psychological examining were demonstrated, the interest 

 of personnel adjutants and also of the Committee on Classification of Personnel in the Army in 

 the intelligence rating rapidly increased. In certain camps which happened to have excep- 

 tionally able, progressive, and cooperative personnel and psychological officers, arrangements 

 were perfected whereby results of psychological examinations were promptly and regularly 

 made available for use in the personnel office. 



During the fall of 1918 the Committee on Classification of Personnel, in conference with 

 the Division of Psychology, agreed to instruct personnel adjutants to have intelligence ratings 

 entered on qualification cards within a few hours after psychological examination had been 

 made, and further to direct the use of this information in specific ways. As a result of this 

 action, relations of psychological to other forms of personnel work in army camps rapidly 

 became more satisfactory and the practical uses of intelligence ratings increased both in variety 

 and amount. 



The following letter indicates the effective working relation established between the Classi- 

 fication Division of the General Staff and the Section of Psychology of the Surgeon General's 



Office. 



April 8, 1919. 

 From: The Adjutant General of the Army. 

 To: The commanding general, Camp Meade, Md. 

 Subject: Classification of men received at "The oversea replacement depot." 



1. Enlisted men received at "The oversea replacement depot" at your camp for transfer to the American Expedi- 

 tionary Forces will be given the intelligence test and occupational classification. The occupational classification will 

 include, whenever desirable, a limited trade test. A soldiers' qualification card (Form CCP-1) will be completed for 

 each soldier and accompany his records when sent overseas. 



(a) As the medical examination of recruits sent to the depot will have been completed and initial records prepared 

 at the places where recruits have been enlisted, the personnel work in connection with the depot will be limited almost 

 entirely to classification. It is contemplated that only a small personnel force will be required, which will be fur- 

 nished by this office. 



By order of the Secretary of War: 



Adjutant General. 



In compliance with this order, Maj. Clarence S. Yoakum reported on April 16 at Camp 

 Meade to organize psychological examining and to train a competent officer to take charge of 

 this work under the direction of the chief personnel officer. 



On the whole, the most satisfactory administrative relations of psychological examining 

 proved to be those which were originally recommended by the Surgeon General of the Army 

 for consideration of the Committee on Classification of Personnel. These involved (1) the 

 appointment of psychological examiners to serve in connection with other personnel officers 

 as members of the personnel staff of each camp or division; (2) the appointment of certain 

 other psychological examiners to serve under the direction of medical officers. The duties of 

 the first group of psychologists may be described as strictly those of the personnel service. 

 Those of the second group may fairly be described as medical in character. 



