118 MEMOIRS NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. [Vol.xv, 



Foster, Capt. Frost, and Lieut. Anderson prepared plans for systematic morale work in the 

 detention camp at Camp Greenleaf, and, with the assistance of eidisted men of the psychologi- 

 cal service, School of Military Psychology, organized practical service for the camp. Subse- 

 quently this work was extended throughout Camp Greenleaf. 



SERVICES TO THE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION AND SPECIAL TRAINING. 



Majs. Terman and Yoakum were in succession employed as psychologists by the Com- 

 mittee on Education and Special Training of the War Department. In October, 1918, this 

 committee requested the cooperation of the Division of Psychology in securing mental ratings 

 of members of the Student Army Training Corps, to serve as partial basis for their admission, 

 educational guidance, and assignment. Permission was given for the use of the alpha examin- 

 ation, and arrangements M*ere made for administering the tests under direction of faculty 

 members and with supervision of psychological officers who should be temporarily assigned 

 for the work until others could be commissioned. The armistice prevented the extension of 

 testing to the 209 schools which stated their desire to use the tests. Only 11 Student Army 

 Training Corps miits have reported results fully. In 104 others, reports are either incomplete 

 or indicate that the tests will be used later. The total number of students in the colleges 

 who were given the testis 11,500 and includes the Students' Army Training Corps, Preserve 

 Officers' Training Corps, and men and women in the colleges and normal schools. 



SERVICE THROUGH SPECIAL EXAMINATION. 



In addition to examination of the groups mentioned in the previous paragraphs, numerous 

 special examinations have been made, usually by special request to the division. Candidates 

 of the third officers' training camp, some 14,000 in number, were given the examination in 

 February, 1918, by examiners detailed for the purpose from the four original camps. Examina- 

 tion a was used. Examinations of candidates at later officers' training camps were conducted 

 by the chief psychological examiners at the camps involved. In the fourth and later series 

 examination alpha was used. At later periods the tests served as 'assisting guides' in mak- 

 ing final selections for commissions. 



Other special examinations were made as follows: Candidates for commissions in the per- 

 sonnel schools at Camp Meigs and elsewhere; civilian applicants for commission in the Quarter- 

 master Corps at Camps Bowie and Sherman and in the Intensive Service Course at Camp Meigs; 

 officers and civilian staff of the office of the Quartermaster General at Washington; aviation 

 candidates at Camp Jackson; the chaplains' school at Camp Taylor; the Army Nurse Corps at 

 Camps Kearny, Lee, Logan, and Sherman ; the civilian personnel of the Civil Service Commission 

 in Washington; soldier hospital attendants at St. Elizabeth's Hospital for the Insane, Wash- 

 ington; mental cases at the port of debarkation at Newport News; personnel of the Field Signal 

 Service at Camp Alfred Vail, N. J. ; secretaries of the Young Men's Christian Association and of 

 the Knights of Columbus at Camps Sherman, Taylor, Travis, and elsewhere; 191 German war 

 prisoners at Camp Sherman, and the war prison barracks guard at Fort Oglethorpe; prostitutes 

 in cities near Camps Dix, Greenleaf, Hancock, Newport News, Sherman, and Travis. 



SERVICES THROUGH DEVELOPMENT OF SPECIAL METHODS. 



At Camp Lewis practical methods were devised by psychologists to demonstrate the part 

 played by trigger squeeze and breathing in determining accuracy and improvement in rifle 

 practice. Complete account of the method is impossible in this place, but the following state- 

 ment from the colonel of an infantry regiment who used the devices will make clear the chief 

 points: 



These devices accomplish the following: 



(a) They demonstrate ocularly the manner in which a man aiming a rifle breathes, whether he is taking a full 

 breath, or breathes irregularly. 



(6) They demonstrate ocularly the manner in which a man pulls the trigger, whether by a squeeze or jerk; i. e., 

 the manner of pulling the trigger at all stages of the aiming and releasing of the firing pin. 



