500 



MEMOIRS NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 



[Vol. XV, 



Table 149. — Comparison of regiments, by camps, showing percentages relatively illiterate, percentages grading A or B, 

 ana mean scores in examination a — Enlisted men (white)— Continued. 



3. CAMP LEE (EIGHTIETH DIVISION). 



4. CAMP TAYLOR (EIGHTY-FOURTH DIVISION). 



Infantry: 



333: 



334 



335 



336 



Field Artillery: 



325 



326 



327 



Machine Gun Battalion. 

 Engineers, 309 



152.8 

 193.7 

 157.4 

 130.6 



181.1 



154.5 

 179.8 

 163.1 

 196.5 



Even more striking differences were found to exist among the companies of certain regiments, 

 as illustrated by tables 150 and 151 and by figures 7, 8, 9, and 10. Illustrations might have 

 been picked from any branch of the service and any camp, though the amount of inequality varies 

 markedly in different regiments. In table 150 (1) and (2) the percentages of superior (A and B) 

 cases and of relatively "illiterate" are shown for the separate companies of infantry regiments, 

 two from the Seventy-sixth Division and two from the Eightieth. 1 These two divisions are 

 chosen as representing quite different levels of mental ability, and also because the examining was 

 sufficiently complete at these two camps so that the data show approximately the full strength 

 of the units at the time these reports were made. Figures 7 and 8 present graphically the data 

 for the two infantry regiments from the Eightieth Division. It will be noted that these offer 

 two quite different pictures. The inequalities of the Three hundred and nineteenth (fig. 7) 

 are more striking since they appear both in the percentages of superior men and in the percentages 

 of illiterate. The differences between the Companies A and E on the one hand and C and M on 

 the other needs no comment. In the Three hundred and seventeenth, on the other hand, no 

 such striking differences appear, the chief irregularities appearing in the percentages classed as 

 illiterate. The low level of this regiment as a whole, as indicated in figure 8, shows itself again 

 in the relatively low percentages of superior cases in all the companies. The problem confront- 

 ing the officers of a company such as Company F, with one-third of its number illiterate, even by 

 the relatively lenient standards of literacy used at Camp Lee, and only 1.2 per cent (three men) 

 of A or B grade, is obvious. It is understood that use was made of such data as is here shown 

 for making readjustments in this regiment. It should be expected, therefore, that such extreme 

 cases would not appear in the final form of the regiment. 



1 In considering these tables and the accompanying figures the fact of difference in function in case of the machine gun, the headquarters, and 

 the supply companies should be remembered. Balancing should not be expected to eliminate differences which reflect differences in function. On 

 the other hand, it might be used to intensify these. 



