802 MEMOIRS NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. [Vol.xv, 



Table 349. — Percentage comparison of Intelligence ratings of prisoners confined in camps and those confined at Leavenworth. 



Section 2. — Relation of intelligence, education, and Icind of crime. 



For the purpose of the study of intelligence ratings in various criminal groups, the crimes 

 for which the men were sentenced to Leavenworth were divided into the following categories : 

 A. Crimes of acquisitiveness, as larceny, robbery, forgery, fraud, etc. 

 P. Crimes of violence, as assault, fighting, murder, etc. 

 S. Sex crimes of all descriptions. 

 M. Purely military crimes, as absence without leave, desertion, escape, sleeping on 



post, drunk on post, discredit to uniform, allowing escape of prisoners, etc. 

 G. Military crimes of an aggressive nature, as disrespect to officer, mutiny, disobe- 

 dience of orders, insubordination, etc. 



D. Disloyalty, disloyal statements, disrespect to United States, etc. 



E. Conscientious objectors of the religious type. 

 K. Conscientious objectors of the political type. 



Q. Conscientious objectors because of being alien enemies, of having alien enemy 

 relatives, of noncitizenship, and other like draft irregularities. 



This classification was made after considerable study of the data at hand, including the 

 past reports of the institution and the personnel cards of the men. The identification and 

 grouping of the conscientious objectors which was used in this study was carried out as a part 

 of the personnel survey made just before the psychological survey took place. The records of 

 2,416 men make up the data used for this study. There is no reason to believe that there is 

 any factor of selection in this group, for the men were taken at random just as they came to 

 the examinations. It is probable that the results obtained present a good picture of the whole 

 group of prisoners. 



The ordinary prisoners and the men in the disciplinary battalion are tabulated in separated 

 groups. The men in the disciplinary battalion are those prisoners whose records during the 

 first month or two of their confinement are such that they are given a trial with the idea of 

 restoring them as soon as possible to the regular organizations of the Army. They are there- 

 fore a somewhat selected group. 



The following facts concerning the relation of intelligence to kind of crime are shown in 

 table 350: 



Table 350. — Percentage of intelligence ratings of Leavenworth prisoners in various crime groups. 



For meaning of letters designating crime groups, see text. "Reg." means regular or ordinary prisoners; "Bat." 

 means disciplinary battalion, a selected group of men held under discipline but with an expectation of early 

 release. 



