no. 3.] PSYCHOLOGICAL EXAMINING IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY. 



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1. The men in the disciplinary battalion are in general a little above the regular prisoners 

 in intelligence. However, this superiority is very slight, and is perhaps not significant in view 

 of the fact that the number of men in the battalion is small. 



2. The men sentenced for acquisitive crimes (group A) are rather decidedly above the 

 average and above most of the other groups. 



3. The conscientious objectors of the religious and political groups are high-grade men 

 very markedly above the average of the whole group. This superiority is especially noticeable 

 in the cases of the political objectors. 



4. The men classed as conscientious objectors because of being alien enemies, having 

 alien enemy relatives, etc. (Q group), are decidedly low in intelligence. Tins seems to be the 

 one group in the institution whose troubles we may ascribe to low mentality. 



5. Men who commit aggressive crimes of a military nature — disobedience of orders, dis- 

 respect to officer, etc. — are somewhat below the average mentality. On the other hand, 

 however, men whose aggressiveness amounts to disloyalty are considerably better than the 

 average group, as less than 20 per cent of them fall below C. 



A supplementary study was made of the conscientious objectors who have continually 

 refused to do any work. Of these, six refused to take any examination. The records of the 

 others are given in table 351. The superiority of these men to any other group in the institu- 

 tion is very apparent. 



Table 351. — Percentage of intelligence ratings of conscientious objectors in isolation at Leavenworth. 



A study of education in various crime groups, using the same categories as before, was 

 made. The records of 3,041 men were examined, and the results of the study were tabulated 

 in table 352. 



Table 352. — Percentage table of education of Leavenworth prisoners in various crime groups. Crime groups designated as 

 in table S50. All numbers except the number of cases express percentages. 



A study of table 352 brings out these facts: . 



1. For the prison population as a whole the median falls in the seventh grade. There 

 are 81.7 per cent of the men who did not get beyond the common school, 14.6 per cent who 

 had had some high-school work, and 3.7 per cent who got into college. 



