no. 3.] PSYCHOLOGICAL EXAMINING IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY. 



821 



Table 375. — Intelligence and occupation. Median and quartile scores of white draft of May- June, 1918, in examination 

 alpha, Camp Wadsworth, arranged in rank order. The median score for all drafted men is 121. 



Occupations. 



Civil engineer 



Lawyer and teacher 



Student 



Dentist and mechanic dentist 



Draftsman 



Chemist 



Postal employee 



Artist 



Mechanical engineer 



Druggist 



Traffic engineer and transportation . 



Clerks 



Salesman 



Surveyor 



Telegraph and wireless operator 



Photographer 



Farrier 



Drug clerk 



Builder and constructor 



Engineers 



Aeroplane builder 



Rigger 



Merchants 



Gas-engine mechanic 



Telephone operator 



Auto mechanics 



Electrician 



Hospital orderly 



Musicians " 



Policemen 



Butcher 



Plumber 



Miscellaneous 



Pipe fitter 



Structural steel worker 



Blacksmith 



Gunsmith 



Machinist 



Bakers and cooks 



Railroad workers 



ChaulTeurs 



Painter 



Printer 



Lumberman 



Carpenter 



Millwright 



Sheet-metal worker 



Leather worker 



Welder 



Horseman 



Canvas worker 



Farmers 



Teamster 



Barber 



Laborer 



Total. 



The number of cases representative of most of the occupational groups is too small to 

 give a reliable distribution of intelligence scores for those groups. The median and quartile 

 scores are also unreliable because they are based upon literate whites only. The median and 

 quartile scores are therefore more unreliable for those occupations having low scores, for it is 

 those occupations that contain the largest proportion of foreign and native illiterates. 



The question of definition of each occupational group has not been given the consideration 

 that is necessary. Each individual represented in the tabulation classified himself in filling in 

 the blank items on the psychological record card. It is evident that such occupational classi- 

 fication is very loose and is much less reliable than the classification arrived at through the 

 personnel interview. The looseness and unsatisfactoriness of the procedure that was used is 

 indicated by such general terms as "engineers," "railroad worker," and "clerks." This lat- 

 ter term included various kinds of clerks and even typists and stenographers. 



It is evident that improvement in deriving a table of occupational intelligence standards 

 would depend upon a more precise standard of occupation definition and classification, a great 

 increase in the number of cases in each group, and a method of recording the intelligence scores 

 that would include the scores of illiterate Americans and foreigners as well as literates. 



Eealizing the need for a reliable table of occupational intelligence standards, the Division 

 of Psychology of the Surgeon General's Office undertook to direct the study in such a manner 



