852 



MEMOIRS NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 



[Vol. XV, 



Table 397. — Percentage distributions of psychological grades of white officers, arranged according to military organization 



(arm). 



Arm. 



Engineers 



Field Artillery 



Sanitary Corps 



Fieldsignal battalion. . 

 Machine-gun battalion. 



Infantry 



Quartermaster 



Medical 



Dental 



Veterinary 



Number 

 of cases. 



1,026 



1,523 



98 



357 



495 

 6,942 



756 

 3,180 



423 

 98 



Psychological grade. 



C. 



0.3 

 1.1 

 2.0 

 2.2 

 2.2 

 3.0 

 5.2 

 5.2 

 4.0 

 7.9 



C+. 



2.4 

 5.9 

 8.2 

 9.0 



10.7 

 12.2 

 15.7 

 17.6 

 20.4 

 30.8 



B. 



13.8 

 23.0 

 31.6 

 24.1 

 30.1 

 28.5 

 30.2 

 32.9 

 41.1 



83.0 

 70.0 

 58.2 

 64.1 

 56.5 

 56.0 

 48.0 

 43.6 

 34.1 

 22.1 



A and 

 B. 



96.8 

 93.0 

 89.8 

 88.2 

 86.6 

 84.5 

 78.2 

 76.5 

 75.2 

 60.8 



There is considerable variation among the different branches. The proportion of A's varies 

 from 22 per cent in the Veterinary Corps to 83 per cent in the Engineers ; the proportion of A's 

 and B's combined from 61 per cent in the Veterinary Corps to 97 per cent in the Engineers, and 

 the proportion of grades less than B from 0.3 per cent in the Engineers to 39.1 per cent in the 

 Veterinary Corps. In the Engineers, Artillery, Sanitary Corps, field signal battalions, machine- 

 gun battalions, and Infantry the proportion of A grades is above 50 per cent, and the proportion 

 of A and B grades combined is above 80 per cent. The Engineers rate remarkably high, and 

 the Ar tiller} 7 officers do nearly as well. On the other hand the ratings in the Medical Depart- 

 ment, especially among the dental and veterinary officers, are strikingly low. 



It should not be concluded from these data that, because of the varying proportions of 

 high grades found in the different arms of the service, the. Army was poorly organized. Indeed 

 it might be that these very differences show organization on a high plane of efficiency, for it 

 seems likely that the work to be done in some branches of the service requires a higher type of 

 intellectual ability than is needed in the others. 



In connection with table 397 and figure 59 a reservation should be made with regard to 

 the Medical Department at least. The relation between intelligence rating and rank is discussed 

 in detail in the following chapter. It is there, made evident that in the Medical Corps, unlike 

 other branches, higher officers stand significantly high, while captains and first lieutenants stand 

 relatively low. It is the great number of captains and first lieutenants in the Medical Corps, 

 therefore, that brings this Corps so far down in rank order, and it is not the medical officers of 

 the higher grades which do so. The latter, indeed, secure grades slightly better than those 

 secured by officers of equal rank in the other branches combined. (See Chap. 17, fig. 62.) 

 Table 398, showing the percentage distribution of psychological grades by rank in the Engineers, 

 Field Artillery, Infantry, and Medical Corps, also demonstrates that officers of the rank of 

 major and above in the Medical Corps secure a greater percentage of A and B grades than do 

 officers in the other corps mentioned, excepting the Engineers. 



Table 398. — Percentages of each letter grade secured by officers of various ranks in the Infantry, Field Artillery, Engineers, 



and Medical Corps. 



